Atukunda Prudence, Eide Wenche Barth, Kardel Kristin R, Iversen Per Ole, Westerberg Ane C
Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Food Nutr Res. 2021 May 26;65. doi: 10.29219/fnr.v65.7686. eCollection 2021.
The UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 ('Zero Hunger') aims to end all forms of hunger and malnutrition by 2030. Thus, a range of different strategies are needed to facilitate the achievement of SDG 2 to overcome challenges and enable synergies between various SDG targets.
The aim of this review is to highlight Africa's progress toward SDG 2, including targets, strategies, synergies and challenges.
We scrutinized published research articles in peer-reviewed journals, UN reports and in-country Africa reports (between 2015 and 2020) that were relevant to the current topic.
Several hunger indicators are showing slow progress or even deterioration in Africa. The prevalence of undernourishment in the general population was 19.1% in 2019 and is expected to increase to 25.7% by 2030. Improvements in child stunting in several regions in Africa are slow, especially in sub-Saharan Africa where about 34% of under-fives were stunted in 2012 and 31% in 2019. In Eastern Africa, stunting prevalence decreased from 38% in 2012 to 34% in 2019. Major drivers of hunger are poor governance and state fragility, war and conflicts, increasing inequality, weak economic development, climate change, biodegradation - and now lately the Covid 19 pandemic - factors that all increase food insecurity.
Africa is off track to reach SDG - 'Zero Hunger' - by 2030. Current efforts and progress are insufficient. Africa must champion the SDG agenda on a national, regional and global level to facilitate synergies to unlock the potential for reaching 'Zero Hunger' throughout the continent.
联合国可持续发展目标2(“零饥饿”)旨在到2030年消除一切形式的饥饿和营养不良。因此,需要一系列不同的战略来推动实现可持续发展目标2,以克服挑战并实现各可持续发展目标之间的协同增效。
本综述的目的是突出非洲在实现可持续发展目标2方面的进展,包括目标、战略、协同增效和挑战。
我们仔细审查了同行评审期刊上发表的研究文章、联合国报告以及2015年至2020年期间与当前主题相关的非洲国家报告。
非洲的一些饥饿指标进展缓慢甚至恶化。2019年一般人群中营养不良的患病率为19.1%,预计到2030年将增至25.7%。非洲几个地区儿童发育迟缓情况的改善缓慢,特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲,2012年约34%的五岁以下儿童发育迟缓,2019年为31%。在东非,发育迟缓患病率从2012年的38%降至2019年的34%。饥饿的主要驱动因素包括治理不善和国家脆弱性、战争和冲突、不平等加剧、经济发展薄弱、气候变化、生物降解——以及最近的新冠疫情——这些因素都加剧了粮食不安全。
非洲在2030年实现可持续发展目标“零饥饿”的轨道上偏离了方向。目前的努力和进展不足。非洲必须在国家、区域和全球层面倡导可持续发展目标议程,以促进协同增效,释放整个非洲大陆实现“零饥饿”的潜力。