Shiponi Sivan, Bernstein Nirit
Institute of Soil Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel.
The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Jul 15;12:657323. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.657323. eCollection 2021.
Environmental conditions, including the availability of mineral nutrients, affect secondary metabolism in plants. Therefore, growing conditions have significant pharmaceutical and economic importance for . Phosphorous is an essential macronutrient that affects central biosynthesis pathways. In this study, we evaluated the hypothesis that P uptake, distribution and availability in the plant affect the biosynthesis of cannabinoids. Two genotypes of medical "drug-type" cannabis plants were grown under five P concentrations of 5, 15, 30, 60, and 90 mg L (ppm) in controlled environmental conditions. The results reveal several dose-dependent effects of P nutrition on the cannabinoid profile of both genotypes, as well as on the ionome and plant functional physiology, thus supporting the hypothesis: (i) P concentrations ≤15 mg L were insufficient to support optimal plant function and reduced photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance and growth; (ii) 30-90 mg L P was within the optimal range for plant development and function, and 30 mg L P was sufficient for producing 80% of the maximum yield; (iii) Ionome: about 80% of the plant P accumulated in the unfertilized inflorescences; (iv) Cannabinoids: P supply higher than 5 mg L reduced Δ-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) concentrations in the inflorescences by up to 25%. Cannabinoid concentrations decreased linearly with increasing yield, consistent with a yield dilution effect, but the total cannabinoid content per plant increased with increasing P supply. These results reveal contrasting trends for effects of P supply on cannabinoid concentrations that were highest under <30 mg L P, vs. inflorescence biomass that was highest under 30-90 mg L P. Thus, the P regime should be adjusted to reflect production goals. The results demonstrate the potential of mineral nutrition to regulate cannabinoid metabolism and optimize pharmacological quality.
环境条件，包括矿质养分的可利用性，会影响植物的次生代谢。因此，生长条件对[此处原文缺失相关内容]具有重要的药学和经济意义。磷是一种必需的大量元素，会影响中心生物合成途径。在本研究中，我们评估了以下假设：植物中磷的吸收、分布和有效性会影响大麻素的生物合成。两种基因型的药用“毒品型”大麻植株在可控环境条件下，于5、15、30、60和90毫克/升（ppm）的五种磷浓度下生长。结果揭示了磷营养对两种基因型大麻素谱、离子组和植物功能生理学的几种剂量依赖性效应，从而支持了该假设：（i）磷浓度≤15毫克/升不足以支持植物的最佳功能，并降低光合作用、蒸腾作用、气孔导度和生长；（ii）30 - 90毫克/升的磷处于植物发育和功能的最佳范围内，30毫克/升的磷足以产生最大产量的80%；（iii）离子组：约80%的植物磷积累在未施肥的花序中；（iv）大麻素：高于5毫克/升的磷供应使花序中Δ-四氢大麻酚酸（THCA）和大麻二酚酸（CBDA）的浓度降低了高达25%。大麻素浓度随产量增加呈线性下降，这与产量稀释效应一致，但单株大麻素总含量随磷供应增加而增加。这些结果揭示了磷供应对大麻素浓度影响的相反趋势，在磷浓度<30毫克/升时最高，而花序生物量在30 - 90毫克/升时最高。因此，应调整磷方案以反映生产目标。结果证明了矿质营养在调节大麻素代谢和优化药理质量方面的潜力。
