Czech Oliver, Wrzeciono Adam, Rutkowska Anna, Guzik Agnieszka, Kiper Paweł, Rutkowski Sebastian
Descartes' Error Student Research Association, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, 45-758 Opole, Poland.
Department of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, 45-758 Opole, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2021 Jul 23;10(15):3248. doi: 10.3390/jcm10153248.
Needle-related procedures are often a source of pain, anxiety and fear in young patients. This systematic review aimed to investigate the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) on reducing pain, fear and anxiety in pediatric patients undergoing needle-related procedures. Pain, anxiety, fear, changes in blood pressure and heart rate as well as satisfaction were evaluated as outcomes during needle-related procedures in VR compared with standard care conditions. A meta-analysis was performed, taking into account online databases. Two authors independently conducted literature searches in December 2020. The last search was conducted in March 2021 from a total of 106 records, 7 met our inclusion criteria. One study was excluded from the meta-analysis due to insufficient data. VR was applied as a distractor during venous access. Statistically significant benefits of using VR were shown in children's pain scores, where VR significantly decreased symptoms ( = 3204 patients, MD = -2.85; 95% CI -3.57, -2.14, for the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale and = 2240 patients, MD = -0.19; 95% CI -0.58, 0.20, for the Faces Pain Scale-Revised). The analysis of fear, anxiety and satisfaction scores revealed no significant differences between the conditions, as the studies were too heterogeneous to be pooled. Distraction using virtual reality may be an effective intervention for reducing pain in children undergoing needle-related medical procedures. However, further research in the implementation of VR as a distractor for children and adolescents is required, due to the limited research into this field.
与针头相关的操作往往是年轻患者疼痛、焦虑和恐惧的来源。本系统评价旨在研究虚拟现实（VR）对减轻接受与针头相关操作的儿科患者的疼痛、恐惧和焦虑的有效性。将VR与标准护理条件下与针头相关操作期间的疼痛、焦虑、恐惧、血压和心率变化以及满意度作为结果进行评估。考虑到在线数据库进行了荟萃分析。两位作者于2020年12月独立进行了文献检索。最后一次检索于2021年3月进行，共检索到106条记录，其中7条符合纳入标准。由于数据不足，一项研究被排除在荟萃分析之外。VR在静脉穿刺过程中用作分散注意力的手段。使用VR在儿童疼痛评分方面显示出统计学上的显著益处，在Wong-Baker面部疼痛评分量表中，VR显著减轻症状（n = 3204例患者，MD = -2.85；95%CI -3.57，-2.14），在修订的面部疼痛量表中，n = 2240例患者，MD = -0.19；95%CI -0.58，0.20）。对恐惧、焦虑和满意度评分的分析显示，各条件之间无显著差异，因为研究过于异质，无法合并。使用虚拟现实进行分散注意力可能是减轻接受与针头相关医疗操作的儿童疼痛的有效干预措施。然而，由于该领域的研究有限，需要进一步研究将VR用作儿童和青少年分散注意力手段的实施情况。
