Descos B, Scotto J, Fayol V, Huet J Y, Pichoud C, Hermier M, Ville G, Charvet F, Dargent D, Thoulon J M
Unité de Recherche sur les Hépatites et le Rôle des Virus Hépatotropes dans l'Oncogénèse, INSERM U 271, Lyon, France.
Infection. 1987 Nov-Dec;15(6):434-9. doi: 10.1007/BF01647225.
As anti-HBc screening has been proposed for blood donor testing, we investigated its effectiveness during pregnancy. Among 4,023 successive pregnant women screened for anti-HBc, 539 (13.4%) were positive and further tested for HBsAg and anti-HBs. HBsAg was found in 73 (1.81%) and anti-HBc only was positive in 66 (1.64%). Among the 73 women positive for HBsAg, HBV DNA was found in the serum of seven, the cord blood of two, the placenta of three. Of the 58 infants given HBV immunoglobulins and vaccine, only four had transient HBsAg. None of the 66 women positive for anti-HBc only had anti-HBc IgM, HBeAg, or HBV DNA in serum, cord blood or placenta but five women became HBsAg positive before, at, or after delivery. Among the infants born of these 66 mothers, three had high ALT, two had HBsAg and one HBV DNA without HBsAg. Screening for anti-HBc may be cost effective, at least in low HBV prevalence areas, since there is evidence for infectivity of pregnant women positive for anti-HBc only.
由于已提议将抗-HBc筛查用于献血者检测，我们研究了其在孕期的有效性。在4023名连续接受抗-HBc筛查的孕妇中，539名（13.4%）呈阳性，并进一步检测了HBsAg和抗-HBs。73名（1.81%）检测出HBsAg，仅抗-HBc呈阳性的有66名（1.64%）。在73名HBsAg阳性的女性中，7名的血清、2名的脐血、3名的胎盘检测出HBV DNA。在58名接受乙肝免疫球蛋白和疫苗接种的婴儿中，只有4名有短暂的HBsAg。仅抗-HBc呈阳性的66名女性中，血清、脐血或胎盘均未检测出抗-HBc IgM、HBeAg或HBV DNA，但有5名女性在分娩前、分娩时或分娩后HBsAg转为阳性。在这66名母亲所生的婴儿中，3名谷丙转氨酶（ALT）升高，2名检测出HBsAg，1名检测出HBV DNA但无HBsAg。抗-HBc筛查可能具有成本效益，至少在乙肝病毒（HBV）低流行地区如此，因为有证据表明仅抗-HBc呈阳性的孕妇具有传染性。
