Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil.
Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil.
Mar Drugs. 2021 Jul 27;19(8):425. doi: 10.3390/md19080425.
Marine organisms are a source of active biomolecules with immense therapeutic and nutraceutical potential. Sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides are present in large quantities in these organisms with important pharmacological effects in several biological systems. These polysaccharides include sulfated fucan (as fucoidan) and fucosylated chondroitin sulfate. The development of these polysaccharides as new drugs involves several important steps, among them, demonstration of the effectiveness of these compounds after oral administration. The oral route is the more practical, comfortable and preferred by patients for long-term treatments. In the past 20 years, reports of various pharmacological effects of these polysaccharides orally administered in several animal experimental models and some trials in humans have sparked the possibility for the development of drugs based on sulfated polysaccharides and/or the use of these marine organisms as functional food. This review focuses on the main pharmacological effects of sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides, with an emphasis on the antidislipidemic, immunomodulatory, antitumor, hypoglycemic and hemostatic effects.
海洋生物是具有巨大治疗和营养潜力的活性生物分子的来源。这些生物体内含有大量富含硫酸基岩藻糖的多糖，在几种生物系统中具有重要的药理作用。这些多糖包括硫酸化岩藻聚糖（如岩藻聚糖硫酸酯）和岩藻糖基硫酸软骨素。这些多糖作为新药的开发涉及几个重要步骤，其中包括证明这些化合物经口服给药后的有效性。口服途径是更实用、更舒适的，也是患者长期治疗的首选。在过去的 20 年中，口服给予这些多糖在几种动物实验模型中的各种药理作用的报告以及一些人体试验激发了基于硫酸化多糖的药物开发和/或这些海洋生物作为功能性食品的可能性。本文综述了富含硫酸基岩藻糖多糖的主要药理作用，重点介绍了其抗脂解、免疫调节、抗肿瘤、降血糖和止血作用。
