Departamento de Biología Celular y Tisular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Aug 10;18(16):8457. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18168457.
Environmental pollution is a worldwide problem recognized by the World Health Organization as a major health risk factor that affects low-, middle- and high-income countries. Suspended particulate matter is among the most dangerous pollutants, since it contains toxicologically relevant agents, such as metals, including vanadium. Vanadium is a transition metal that is emitted into the atmosphere especially by the burning of fossil fuels to which dwellers are exposed. The objective of this literature review is to describe the toxic effects of vanadium and its compounds when they enter the body by inhalation, based especially on the results of a murine experimental model that elucidates the systemic effects that vanadium has on living organisms. To achieve this goal, we reviewed 85 articles on the relevance of vanadium as a component of particulate matter and its toxic effects. Throughout several years of research with the murine experimental model, we have shown that this element generates adverse effects in all the systems evaluated, because it causes immunotoxicity, hematotoxicity, neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and reprotoxicity, among other noxious effects. The results with this experimental model add evidence of the effects generated by environmental pollutants and increase the body of evidence that can lead us to make more intelligent environmental decisions for the welfare of all living beings.
环境污染是一个全球性问题，世界卫生组织认为它是影响低收入、中等收入和高收入国家的主要健康风险因素之一。悬浮颗粒物是最危险的污染物之一，因为它含有毒理学上相关的物质，如金属，包括钒。钒是一种过渡金属，主要通过燃烧化石燃料排放到大气中，居民会因此暴露在其中。本文综述的目的是描述钒及其化合物通过吸入进入人体时的毒性作用，特别是基于阐明钒对生物体全身影响的小鼠实验模型的结果。为了实现这一目标，我们综述了 85 篇关于作为颗粒物成分的钒的相关性及其毒性作用的文章。通过多年的小鼠实验模型研究，我们已经表明，这种元素会在所有评估的系统中产生不良影响，因为它会引起免疫毒性、血液毒性、神经毒性、肾毒性和生殖毒性等有害影响。该实验模型的结果提供了有关环境污染物产生的影响的证据，并增加了可以使我们为所有生物的福祉做出更明智的环境决策的证据。
