Pulcinella Antonio, Mazzarella Daniele, Noël Timothy
Flow Chemistry Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2021 Sep 30;57(78):9956-9967. doi: 10.1039/d1cc04073a.
The conversion of light alkanes into bulk chemicals is becoming an important challenge as it effectively avoids the use of prefunctionalized alkylating reagents. The implementation of such processes is, however, hampered by their gaseous nature and low solubility, as well as the low reactivity of the C-H bonds. Efforts have been made to enable both polar and radical processes to activate these inert compounds. In addition, these methodologies also benefit significantly from the development of a suitable reactor technology that intensifies gas-liquid mass transfer. In this review, we critically highlight these developments, both from a conceptual and a practical point of view. The recent expansion of these mechanistically-different methods have enabled the use of various gaseous alkanes for the development of different bond-forming reactions, including C-C, C-B, C-N, C-Si and C-S bonds.
将轻质烷烃转化为大宗化学品正成为一项重大挑战，因为这能有效避免使用预官能化的烷基化试剂。然而，此类过程的实施受到其气态性质、低溶解度以及C-H键低反应活性的阻碍。人们已努力使极性和自由基过程都能激活这些惰性化合物。此外，这些方法也从强化气液传质的合适反应器技术的发展中受益匪浅。在本综述中，我们从概念和实际角度批判性地突出了这些进展。这些机理不同的方法最近的扩展使得能够使用各种气态烷烃来开发不同的成键反应，包括C-C键、C-B键、C-N键、C-Si键和C-S键。
