Hilary Serene, Kizhakkayil Jaleel, Souka Usama, Al-Meqbaali Fatima, Ibrahim Wissam, Platat Carine
Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Front Nutr. 2021 Aug 23;8:667514. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.667514. eCollection 2021.
Date seeds are a by-product of the date fruit processing industry with minimal human use; however, they are a rich source of polyphenols with a range of potential biological properties. The current study investigates the cytotoxicity of date seed polyphenols against cancer cell lines, its ability to combat hyperglycemia, its antioxidant potential and its anti-adipogenic effect. The present work aimed to establish the usefulness of date seeds in the food industry as a functional ingredient. The anti-tumour activity of DSE was tested in a panel of cell lines such as MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, Hep-G2, Caco-2, and PC-3 by measuring cell viability and cleaved PARP. Lipid accumulation and effect on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells (adipocytes) were tested with date seed extract treatments. The influence of date seed polyphenols on glucose uptake was studied in 3T3-L1 cells and C2C12 cells (muscle cells). The antioxidant activity of the polyphenols from date seed products such as date seed extract (DSE), date seed powder (DSP), and date seeds fortified bread (DSB) was tested following digestion to study their stability in the gastrointestinal milieu. DSE treatment resulted in significantly reduced viability in MCF-7 and Hep-G2 cells with 48-h treatments. Glucose uptake increased in the adipocytes with DSE treatments; moreover, it inhibited adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation. DSE decreased the expression levels of PPAR-γ, C/EBPα, adiponectin and upregulated GLUT-4, and phospho-AMPK. This study also found that date seed samples retained antioxidant activity in the digestive milieu and concludes that the date seed polyphenols remain active in the digestive milieu and exhibit potential anti-hyperglycemic and anti-adipogenic activity.
椰枣种子是椰枣果实加工业的副产品，很少被人类利用；然而，它们是多酚的丰富来源，具有一系列潜在的生物学特性。本研究调查了椰枣种子多酚对癌细胞系的细胞毒性、对抗高血糖的能力、抗氧化潜力及其抗脂肪生成作用。本工作旨在确定椰枣种子在食品工业中作为功能性成分的用途。通过测量细胞活力和裂解的PARP，在一组细胞系如MCF-7、MDA-MB-231、Hep-G2、Caco-2和PC-3中测试了椰枣种子提取物（DSE）的抗肿瘤活性。用椰枣种子提取物处理测试了3T3-L1细胞（脂肪细胞）的脂质积累及其对分化的影响。在3T3-L1细胞和C2C12细胞（肌肉细胞）中研究了椰枣种子多酚对葡萄糖摄取的影响。对椰枣种子产品如椰枣种子提取物（DSE）、椰枣种子粉（DSP）和椰枣种子强化面包（DSB）中的多酚进行消化后测试其抗氧化活性，以研究它们在胃肠道环境中的稳定性。48小时的DSE处理导致MCF-7和Hep-G2细胞的活力显著降低。DSE处理使脂肪细胞中的葡萄糖摄取增加；此外，它抑制脂肪细胞分化和脂质积累。DSE降低了PPAR-γ、C/EBPα、脂联素的表达水平，并上调了GLUT-4和磷酸化AMPK。本研究还发现椰枣种子样品在消化环境中保留了抗氧化活性，并得出结论，椰枣种子多酚在消化环境中仍然具有活性，并表现出潜在的抗高血糖和抗脂肪生成活性。
