University of Northern British Columbia, Northern Medical Program, 3333 University Way, Prince George, British Columbia, V2N 4Z9, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Human Brain Laboratory, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1L8, Canada; University of Victoria, Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research (CISUR), 2300 McKenzie Avenue, Victoria, British Columbia, V8N 5M8, Canada.
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1L8, Canada.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Nov 1;228:109008. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109008. Epub 2021 Aug 27.
Worldwide momentum toward legalization of recreational cannabis use has raised a common concern that such policies might increase cannabis-impaired driving and consequent traffic-related harms, especially among youth. The current study evaluated this issue in Canada.
Utilizing provincial emergency department (ED) records (April 1, 2015-December 31, 2019) from Alberta and Ontario, Canada, we employed Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) models to assess associations between Canada's cannabis legalization (via the Cannabis Act implemented on October 17, 2018) and weekly provincial counts of ICD-10-CA-defined traffic-injury ED presentations. For each province (Alberta/Ontario), SARIMA models were developed on two driver groups: all drivers, and youth drivers (aged 14-17 years in Alberta; 16-18 years, Ontario).
There was no evidence of significant changes associated with cannabis legalization on post-legalization weekly counts of drivers' traffic-injury ED visits in: (1) Alberta, all drivers (n = 52,752 traffic-injury presentations), an increase of 9.17 visits (95 % CI -18.85; 37.20; p = 0.52); (2) Alberta, youth drivers (n = 3265 presentations), a decrease of 0.66 visits (95 % CI -2.26; 0.94; p = 0.42); (3) Ontario, all drivers (n = 186,921 presentations), an increase of 28.93 visits (95 % CI -26.32; 84.19; p = 0.30); and (4) Ontario, youth drivers (n = 4565), an increase of 0.09 visits (95 % CI -6.25; 6.42; p = 0.98).
Implementation of the Cannabis Act was not associated with evidence of significant post-legalization changes in traffic-injury ED visits in Ontario or Alberta among all drivers or youth drivers, in particular.
全球范围内娱乐用大麻合法化的势头引发了一个共同的担忧，即此类政策可能会增加大麻致醉驾驶和由此产生的与交通相关的伤害，尤其是在年轻人中。本研究在加拿大评估了这一问题。
利用加拿大艾伯塔省和安大略省的省级急诊部（ED）记录（2015 年 4 月 1 日至 2019 年 12 月 31 日），我们采用季节性自回归综合移动平均（SARIMA）模型评估了加拿大大麻合法化（通过 2018 年 10 月 17 日实施的《大麻法》）与按 ICD-10-CA 定义的交通伤害 ED 呈现的每周省级计数之间的关联。对于每个省（艾伯塔省/安大略省），SARIMA 模型均针对两个驾驶员群体进行开发：所有驾驶员和青年驾驶员（艾伯塔省 14-17 岁；安大略省 16-18 岁）。
在以下方面，没有证据表明大麻合法化与：（1）艾伯塔省所有驾驶员（52752 次交通伤害 ED 就诊）的交通伤害 ED 就诊的每周计数相关的显著变化，增加了 9.17 次就诊（95 % CI-18.85；37.20；p = 0.52）；（2）艾伯塔省青年驾驶员（3265 次就诊），减少了 0.66 次就诊（95 % CI-2.26；0.94；p = 0.42）；（3）安大略省所有驾驶员（186921 次就诊），增加了 28.93 次就诊（95 % CI-26.32；84.19；p = 0.30）；和（4）安大略省青年驾驶员（4565 次就诊），增加了 0.09 次就诊（95 % CI-6.25；6.42；p = 0.98）。
《大麻法》的实施与安大略省或艾伯塔省所有驾驶员或青年驾驶员中交通伤害 ED 就诊量无明显变化后大麻合法化相关，特别是没有明显的关联。
