Department of Economics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
Department of Economics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 Sep 28;118(39). doi: 10.1073/pnas.2101386118.
The 2020 US mortality totaled 2.8 million after early March, which is 17.3% higher than age-population-weighted mortality over the same time interval in 2017 to 2019, for a total excess death count of 413,592. We use data on weekly death counts by cause, as well as life tables, to quantify excess mortality and life years lost from both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 causes by race/ethnicity, age, and gender/sex. Excess mortality from non-COVID-19 causes is substantial and much more heavily concentrated among males and minorities, especially Black, non-Hispanic males, than COVID-19 deaths. Thirty-four percent of the excess life years lost for males is from non-COVID-19 causes. While minorities represent 36% of COVID-19 deaths, they represent 70% of non-COVID-19 related excess deaths and 58% of non-COVID-19 excess life years lost. Black, non-Hispanic males represent only 6.9% of the population, but they are responsible for 8.9% of COVID-19 deaths and 28% of 2020 excess deaths from non-COVID-19 causes. For this group, nearly half of the excess life years lost in 2020 are due to non-COVID-19 causes.
2020 年美国的总死亡人数在 3 月初后达到 280 万，比 2017 年至 2019 年同期按年龄人口加权的死亡率高出 17.3%，总超额死亡人数为 413592 人。我们使用按原因划分的每周死亡人数数据以及生命表来量化因 COVID-19 和非 COVID-19 原因导致的按种族/族裔、年龄和性别/性别的超额死亡率和生命年损失。非 COVID-19 原因导致的超额死亡率非常高，而且男性和少数族裔，尤其是非西班牙裔黑人男性，比 COVID-19 死亡人数更为集中。男性因非 COVID-19 原因而损失的生命年数中有 34%是超额的。虽然少数族裔占 COVID-19 死亡人数的 36%，但他们占非 COVID-19 相关超额死亡人数的 70%，占非 COVID-19 超额生命年损失的 58%。非西班牙裔黑人男性仅占人口的 6.9%，但他们占 COVID-19 死亡人数的 8.9%和 2020 年非 COVID-19 原因超额死亡人数的 28%。对于这一群体，2020 年损失的超额生命年数近一半是由于非 COVID-19 原因。
