Shrestha Prateek, DeGraw Jason W, Zhang Mingkan, Liu Xiaobing
Integrated Building Performance Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
Multifunctional Equipment Integration Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
Build Environ. 2021 Dec;206:108347. doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108347. Epub 2021 Sep 20.
The dispersion of indoor airborne contaminants across different zones within a mechanically ventilated building is a complex phenomenon driven by multiple factors. In this study, we modeled the indoor dispersion of airborne SARS-CoV-2 aerosols within a US Department of Energy detailed medium office prototype building using CONTAM software. The aim of this study is to improve our understanding about how different parts of a building can experience varying concentrations of the airborne viruses under different circumstances of release and mitigation strategies. Results indicate that unventilated stairwells can have significantly higher concentrations of airborne viruses. The mitigation strategies of morning and evening flushing of conditioned zones were not found to be very effective. Instead, a constant high percentage of outdoor air in the supply mix, and the use of masks, portable HEPA air cleaners, MERV 13 or higher HVAC air filters, and ultraviolet germicidal irradiation disinfection were effective strategies to prevent airborne viral contamination in the majority of the simulated office building.
在机械通风的建筑中，室内空气传播污染物在不同区域的扩散是一个由多种因素驱动的复杂现象。在本研究中，我们使用CONTAM软件对美国能源部详细中型办公室原型建筑内空气传播的新冠病毒气溶胶的室内扩散进行了建模。本研究的目的是增进我们对建筑物不同部分在不同释放情况和缓解策略下如何经历不同浓度空气传播病毒的理解。结果表明，未通风的楼梯间空气中病毒浓度可能显著更高。未发现对空调区域进行早晚冲洗的缓解策略非常有效。相反，在送风组合中保持较高比例的室外空气，以及使用口罩、便携式高效空气过滤器、MERV 13或更高等级的暖通空调空气过滤器和紫外线杀菌辐照消毒，是在大多数模拟办公建筑中防止空气传播病毒污染的有效策略。
