Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid, Spain.
Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre, Madrid, Spain.
Int J Clin Pract. 2021 Dec;75(12):e14917. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.14917. Epub 2021 Sep 29.
Obesity is a risk factor associated with higher mortality at the acute phase of COVID-19; however, its influence on post-COVID symptoms is not known.
Our aim was to investigate if obesity is a risk factor for the presence of long-term post-COVID symptoms in hospitalised COVID-19 survivors.
A multicentre case-control study including patients hospitalised during the first wave of the pandemic was performed. Patients with obesity were recruited as cases. Two age- and sex-matched patients without obesity per case were considered as controls. Clinical and hospitalisation data were collected from the hospital medical records. Patients were scheduled for a telephonic interview. A list of post-COVID symptoms was systematically evaluated, but participants were free to report any symptom. Anxiety/depressive levels and sleep quality were evaluated with the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), respectively.
Overall, 88 patients with obesity and 176 without obesity were assessed 7.2 months after the hospital discharge. The most prevalent post-COVID symptoms were fatigue and dyspnea. No significant difference in the prevalence of fatigue, dyspnea, anxiety, depression and limitations of daily living activities was observed between people with and without obesity. Obesity was independently associated with a greater number of post-COVID symptoms (IRR 1.56, 95% CI 1.24-1.95, P < .001) and poor sleep quality (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.13-3.83, P = .02).
This study found that obesity was associated with a greater number of long-term post-COVID symptoms and poor sleep quality in hospitalised COVID-19 patients.
肥胖是与 COVID-19 急性期死亡率升高相关的一个危险因素；然而，其对 COVID-19 后症状的影响尚不清楚。
我们旨在研究肥胖是否是 COVID-19 住院幸存者存在长期 COVID-19 后症状的危险因素。
进行了一项多中心病例对照研究，纳入了在大流行第一波期间住院的患者。招募肥胖患者作为病例。每例病例匹配 2 名年龄和性别相匹配的非肥胖患者作为对照。从医院病历中收集临床和住院数据。患者安排进行电话访谈。系统评估了一系列 COVID-19 后症状，但参与者可自由报告任何症状。使用医院焦虑和抑郁量表（HADS）和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）评估焦虑/抑郁水平和睡眠质量。
总体而言，在出院后 7.2 个月评估了 88 例肥胖患者和 176 例非肥胖患者。最常见的 COVID-19 后症状是疲劳和呼吸困难。肥胖患者和非肥胖患者的疲劳、呼吸困难、焦虑、抑郁和日常生活活动受限的发生率没有显著差异。肥胖与更多的 COVID-19 后症状（IRR 1.56，95%CI 1.24-1.95，P<.001）和较差的睡眠质量独立相关（OR 2.10，95%CI 1.13-3.83，P=.02）。
本研究发现，肥胖与 COVID-19 住院患者更多的长期 COVID-19 后症状和较差的睡眠质量相关。
