Kamboj Nikhil, Ressler Antonia, Hussainova Irina
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate Tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia.
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev Trg 19, p.p.177, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;14(18):5338. doi: 10.3390/ma14185338.
The implementation of a powder bed selective laser processing (PBSLP) technique for bioactive ceramics, including selective laser sintering and melting (SLM/SLS), a laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) approach is far more challenging when compared to its metallic and polymeric counterparts for the fabrication of biomedical materials. Direct PBSLP can offer binder-free fabrication of bioactive scaffolds without involving postprocessing techniques. This review explicitly focuses on the PBSLP technique for bioactive ceramics and encompasses a detailed overview of the PBSLP process and the general requirements and properties of the bioactive scaffolds for bone tissue growth. The bioactive ceramics enclosing calcium phosphate (CaP) and calcium silicates (CS) and their respective composite scaffolds processed through PBSLP are also extensively discussed. This review paper also categorizes the bone regeneration strategies of the bioactive scaffolds processed through PBSLP with the various modes of functionalization through the incorporation of drugs, stem cells, and growth factors to ameliorate critical-sized bone defects based on the fracture site length for personalized medicine.
用于生物活性陶瓷的粉末床选择性激光加工（PBSLP）技术的实施，包括选择性激光烧结和熔化（SLM/SLS），与用于制造生物医学材料的金属和聚合物材料相比，激光粉末床熔融（L-PBF）方法在制造生物医学材料时面临更大的挑战。直接PBSLP可以在不涉及后处理技术的情况下实现无粘结剂制造生物活性支架。本综述明确聚焦于生物活性陶瓷的PBSLP技术，并详细概述了PBSLP工艺以及用于骨组织生长的生物活性支架的一般要求和特性。还广泛讨论了包含磷酸钙（CaP）和硅酸钙（CS）的生物活性陶瓷及其通过PBSLP加工的各自复合支架。本文还对通过PBSLP加工的生物活性支架的骨再生策略进行了分类，这些策略通过结合药物、干细胞和生长因子进行各种功能化模式，以根据骨折部位长度改善临界尺寸骨缺损，实现个性化医疗。
