Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
Department of Medicine IV, Geriatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2021 Sep 17;57(9):980. doi: 10.3390/medicina57090980.
Nowadays, various clinical scoring systems are used in the medical care of the elderly to assess the quality of mobility. However, people often tend to under- or overestimate themselves in many aspects. Since this can have serious consequences in their treatment and care, the aim of this study was to identify differences in the self and external assessment of mobility of persons over 65 years of age.
222 participants over 65 years of age and one external, closely-related relative or professional caregiver were interviewed by a unique study assistant using a standardized questionnaire. Participants were divided into people living in nursing homes and independent people living at home, where either the caregivers or the relatives provided the external assessment of mobility, respectively. The questionnaire included demographics, cognitive abilities (Mini Mental Status Test); fall risk (Hendrich 2 Fall Risk Model); as well as the Parker Mobility Score, Barthel Index, and EQ-5D-5L to measure mobility, activities of daily life and quality of life. In each case, the participant and the external person were asked for their assessment to the participants' mobility situation. Statistical significance of the difference between self and external assessment was calculated with a Wilcoxon rank-sum test and assumed with a -value of ≤ 0.05.
Self-assessment indicated a significantly higher value, when compared to an external assessment for the Parker Mobility Score for females in nursing homes ( ≤ 0.01), as well as for the Barthel Index for females ( ≤ 0.01) and males ( ≤ 0.01) in nursing homes. The received a significantly higher self-assessment value for females ( ≤ 0.01) and males ( ≤ 0.01) living at home and females ( ≤ 0.01) and males ( ≤ 0.05) in nursing homes.
Persons over 65 years of age tend to overestimate their level of mobility, quality of life and activities of daily life. Especially for people living in nursing homes, these scoring systems should be treated with caution due to the differences between the verbal statements. It is important to properly assess the mobility situation of elderly patients to ensure correct medical treatment and prevention of falls.
目前，各种临床评分系统被用于评估老年人的移动能力。然而，人们往往在许多方面过于低估或高估自己。由于这可能对他们的治疗和护理产生严重后果，本研究旨在确定 65 岁以上人群对移动能力的自我评估和外部评估之间的差异。
222 名 65 岁以上的参与者和一名外部密切相关的亲属或专业护理人员由一名独特的研究助理使用标准化问卷进行访谈。参与者被分为居住在养老院的人和居住在家中的独立人员，分别由护理人员或亲属提供对移动能力的外部评估。问卷包括人口统计学资料、认知能力（迷你精神状态测试）；跌倒风险（亨德里希 2 跌倒风险模型）；以及帕克移动能力评分、巴塞尔指数和 EQ-5D-5L，以测量移动能力、日常生活活动和生活质量。在每种情况下，都要求参与者和外部人员对他们的移动能力状况进行评估。使用 Wilcoxon 秩和检验计算自我评估和外部评估之间差异的统计学显著性，并假设值≤0.05。
与外部评估相比，自我评估对女性在养老院的帕克移动能力评分（≤0.01）以及女性（≤0.01）和男性（≤0.01）在养老院的巴塞尔指数的评估值显著更高。居住在家中的女性（≤0.01）和男性（≤0.01）以及居住在养老院中的女性（≤0.01）和男性（≤0.05）的自我评估值显著更高。
65 岁以上的人往往高估自己的移动能力、生活质量和日常生活活动能力。特别是对于居住在养老院的人，由于这些评分系统之间存在差异，因此应谨慎对待这些评分系统。正确评估老年患者的移动能力状况对于确保正确的治疗和预防跌倒非常重要。
