Thomas Shalom Sara, Eom Ji, Sung Nak-Yun, Kim Dong-Sub, Cha Youn-Soo, Kim Kyung-Ah
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
Division of Natural Product Research, Korea Prime Pharmacy Co., Ltd., Gwangju 58144, Korea.
Nutr Res Pract. 2021 Oct;15(5):555-567. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2021.15.5.555. Epub 2021 Mar 11.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: is a plant endemic to Korea, containing several beneficial natural compounds. This study investigated the effect of leaf extract (ALE) on adipocyte differentiation.
MATERIALS/METHODS: The cytotoxic effect of ALE was analyzed using cell viability assay. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated using induction media in the presence or absence of ALE. Lipid accumulation was confirmed using Oil Red O staining. The mRNA expression of adipogenic markers was measured using RT-PCR, and the protein expressions of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) were measured using western blot. Cell proliferation was measured by calculating the incorporation of Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) into DNA.
ALE reduced lipid accumulation in differentiated adipocytes, as indicated by Oil Red O staining and triglyceride assays. Treatment with ALE decreased the gene expression of adipogenic markers such as , CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (), lipoprotein lipase, adipocyte protein-2, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and fatty acid synthase. Also, the protein expression of PPARγ was reduced by ALE. Treating the cells with ALE at different time points revealed that the inhibitory effect of ALE on adipogenesis is higher in the early period treatment than in the terminal period. Furthermore, ALE inhibited adipocyte differentiation by reducing the early phase of adipogenesis and mitotic clonal expansion. This was indicated by the lower number of cells in the Synthesis phase of the cell cycle (labeled using BrdU assay) and a decrease in the expression of early adipogenic transcription factors such as and . ALE suppressed the phosphorylation of MAPK, confirming that the effect of ALE was through the suppression of early phase of adipogenesis.
Altogether, the results of the present study revealed that ALE inhibits lipid accumulation and may be a potential agent for managing obesity.
背景/目的：[植物名称]是韩国特有的一种植物，含有多种有益的天然化合物。本研究调查了[植物名称]叶提取物（ALE）对脂肪细胞分化的影响。
材料/方法：使用细胞活力测定法分析ALE的细胞毒性作用。在有或无ALE的情况下，使用诱导培养基使3T3-L1前脂肪细胞分化。使用油红O染色确认脂质积累。使用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）测量脂肪生成标志物的mRNA表达，并使用蛋白质印迹法测量丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ（PPARγ）的蛋白质表达。通过计算溴脱氧尿苷（BrdU）掺入DNA的量来测量细胞增殖。
油红O染色和甘油三酯测定表明，ALE减少了分化脂肪细胞中的脂质积累。ALE处理降低了脂肪生成标志物如[具体标志物1]、CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白α（[具体标志物2]）、脂蛋白脂肪酶、脂肪细胞蛋白-2、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶和脂肪酸合酶的基因表达。此外，ALE降低了PPARγ的蛋白质表达。在不同时间点用ALE处理细胞表明，ALE对脂肪生成的抑制作用在早期处理中比在末期更高。此外，ALE通过减少脂肪生成的早期阶段和有丝分裂克隆扩增来抑制脂肪细胞分化。这通过细胞周期合成期细胞数量减少（使用BrdU测定法标记）以及早期脂肪生成转录因子如[具体转录因子1]和[具体转录因子2]表达降低来表明。ALE抑制了MAPK的磷酸化，证实ALE的作用是通过抑制脂肪生成的早期阶段。
总之，本研究结果表明ALE抑制脂质积累，可能是一种治疗肥胖症的潜在药物。
