Zhang Chongyu, Zhang Chen, Wang Yunpeng, Du Meiyu, Zhang Guiguo, Lee Yunkyoung
College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju city, South Korea.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Oct 8;8:694357. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.694357. eCollection 2021.
Considerable evidence suggests that dietary energy levels and gut microbiota are pivotal for animal health and productivity. However, little information exists about the correlations among dietary energy level, performance, and the gut microbiota and metabolome of donkeys. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms by which dietary energy content dictates the growth performance by modulating the intestinal microbiome and metabolome of donkeys. Thirty-six nine-month-old male Dezhou donkeys with similar body weights were randomly assigned to two groups fed low- or high-energy diets (LE or HE). The results showed that donkeys fed HE had increased ( < 0.05) the average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (G/F) compared with those that received LE diet. The gut microbiota in both groups was dominated by the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes regardless of the dietary energy level. However, feeding HE to donkeys significantly decreased ( < 0.05) the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B). Compared to the LE group, feeding HE specifically increased the abundances of ( = 0.02) while decreasing the richness of ( = 0.05). Compared to the LE group, feeding the HE diet significantly ( < 0.05) upregulated certain metabolic pathways involving the aspartate metabolism and the urea cycle. In addition, the increased bacteria and metabolites in the HE-fed group exhibited a positive correlation with improved growth performance of donkeys. Taken together, feeding the HE diet increased the richness of Prevotellaceae and upregulated growth-related metabolic pathways, which may have contributed to the ameliorated growth performance of donkeys. Thus, it is a recommendable dietary strategy to feed HE diets to fattening donkeys for superior product performance and feed efficiency.
大量证据表明，日粮能量水平和肠道微生物群对动物健康和生产性能至关重要。然而，关于日粮能量水平、生产性能以及驴的肠道微生物群和代谢组之间的相关性，目前所知甚少。本研究的目的是探讨日粮能量含量通过调节驴的肠道微生物组和代谢组来决定生长性能的机制。将36头体重相近的9月龄雄性德州驴随机分为两组，分别饲喂低能量或高能量日粮（LE或HE）。结果表明，与饲喂LE日粮的驴相比，饲喂HE日粮的驴平均日增重（ADG）和饲料效率（G/F）有所提高（<0.05）。无论日粮能量水平如何，两组驴的肠道微生物群均以厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门为主。然而，给驴饲喂HE日粮显著降低了（<0.05）厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门的比例（F/B）。与LE组相比，饲喂HE日粮特异性增加了（=0.02）的丰度，同时降低了（=0.05）的丰富度。与LE组相比，饲喂HE日粮显著（<0.05）上调了某些涉及天冬氨酸代谢和尿素循环的代谢途径。此外，HE饲喂组中增加的细菌和代谢产物与驴生长性能的改善呈正相关。综上所述，饲喂HE日粮增加了普雷沃氏菌科的丰富度，并上调了与生长相关的代谢途径，这可能有助于改善驴的生长性能。因此，可以推荐给育肥驴饲喂HE日粮，以获得更好的生产性能和饲料效率。
