Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany.
Institute for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany.
Viruses. 2021 Oct 5;13(10):2003. doi: 10.3390/v13102003.
Humoral immunity after infection or after vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been attributed a key part in mitigating the further transmission of the virus. In this study, we used a commercial anti-Spike immunoglobulin G (S-IgG) assay and developed a cell culture-based neutralization assay to understand the longitudinal course of neutralizing antibodies in both SARS-CoV2 infected or vaccinated individuals. We show that even more than one year after infection, about 78% of observed study participants remained seropositive concerning S-IgG antibodies. In addition, the serum of the individuals had stable neutralization capacity in a neutralization assay against a SARS-CoV-2 patient isolate from March 2020. We also examined volunteers after either homologous BNT162b2 prime-boost vaccination or heterologous AZD1222 prime/mRNA-based booster vaccination. Both the heterologous and the homologous vaccination regimens induced higher levels of neutralizing antibodies in healthy subjects when compared to subjects after a mild infection, showing the high effectiveness of available vaccines. In addition, we could demonstrate the reliability of S-IgG levels in predicting neutralization capacity, with 94.8% of seropositive samples showing a neutralization titer of ≥10, making it a viable yet cheap and easy-to-determine surrogate parameter for neutralization capacity.
体液免疫在感染或接种针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）疫苗后起到了关键作用，可以减轻病毒的进一步传播。在这项研究中，我们使用了商业的抗刺突免疫球蛋白 G（S-IgG）检测试剂盒，并开发了基于细胞培养的中和抗体检测试剂盒，以了解感染或接种 SARS-CoV2 后的个体中中和抗体的纵向变化过程。我们发现，即使在感染一年后，大约 78%的观察到的研究参与者的 S-IgG 抗体仍然呈阳性。此外，这些个体的血清在针对 2020 年 3 月的 SARS-CoV-2 患者分离株的中和抗体检测中具有稳定的中和能力。我们还检查了同源 BNT162b2 加强接种或异源 AZD1222 加强接种的志愿者。与轻度感染后的个体相比，这两种异源和同源疫苗接种方案在健康受试者中诱导了更高水平的中和抗体，表明现有疫苗的高效性。此外，我们还可以证明 S-IgG 水平在预测中和能力方面的可靠性，94.8%的血清阳性样本的中和滴度≥10，这使其成为一种可行的、廉价且易于确定的中和能力替代参数。
