Turhan Ali G, Hwang Jinwook W, Chaker Diana, Tasteyre Albert, Latsis Theodoros, Griscelli Frank, Desterke Christophe, Bennaceur-Griscelli Annelise
INSERM UA/09 UMR-S 935, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France.
ESTeam Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Oct 13;8:728543. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.728543. eCollection 2021.
Progress made during the last decade in stem cell biology allows currently an unprecedented potential to translate these advances into the clinical applications and to shape the future of regenerative medicine. Organoid technology is amongst these major developments, derived from primary tissues or more recently, from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). The use of iPSC technology offers the possibility of cancer modeling especially in hereditary cancers with germline oncogenic mutations. Similarly, it has the advantage to be amenable to genome editing with introduction of specific oncogenic alterations using CRISPR-mediated gene editing. In the field of regenerative medicine, iPSC-derived organoids hold promise for the generation of future advanced therapeutic medicinal products (ATMP) for organ repair. Finally, it appears that they can be of highly useful experimental tools to determine cell targets of SARS-Cov-2 infections allowing to test anti-Covid drugs. Thus, with the possibilities of genomic editing and the development of new protocols for differentiation toward functional tissues, it is expected that iPSC-derived organoid technology will represent also a therapeutic tool in all areas of medicine.
过去十年间干细胞生物学取得的进展，使得目前将这些进展转化为临床应用并塑造再生医学未来的潜力达到了前所未有的高度。类器官技术是这些重大进展之一，它源自原代组织，或者更近一些，源自诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）。iPSC技术的应用为癌症建模提供了可能性，尤其是在具有种系致癌突变的遗传性癌症中。同样，它的优势在于能够通过使用CRISPR介导的基因编辑引入特定的致癌改变来进行基因组编辑。在再生医学领域，iPSC衍生的类器官有望用于生成未来用于器官修复的先进治疗性医药产品（ATMP）。最后，它们似乎可以成为非常有用的实验工具，用于确定SARS-Cov-2感染的细胞靶点，从而能够测试抗新冠病毒药物。因此，鉴于基因组编辑的可能性以及开发新的向功能组织分化的方案，预计iPSC衍生的类器官技术也将成为医学各个领域中的一种治疗工具。
