Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
Nat Commun. 2021 Nov 1;12(1):6288. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26544-w.
Perception results from the interplay of sensory input and prior knowledge. Despite behavioral evidence that long-term priors powerfully shape perception, the neural mechanisms underlying these interactions remain poorly understood. We obtained direct cortical recordings in neurosurgical patients as they viewed ambiguous images that elicit constant perceptual switching. We observe top-down influences from the temporal to occipital cortex, during the preferred percept that is congruent with the long-term prior. By contrast, stronger feedforward drive is observed during the non-preferred percept, consistent with a prediction error signal. A computational model based on hierarchical predictive coding and attractor networks reproduces all key experimental findings. These results suggest a pattern of large-scale information flow change underlying long-term priors' influence on perception and provide constraints on theories about long-term priors' influence on perception.
知觉是感觉输入和先验知识相互作用的结果。尽管有行为证据表明，长期先验知识强烈地影响了知觉，但这些相互作用的神经机制仍知之甚少。我们在神经外科患者观看引发持续知觉转换的模棱两可的图像时，获得了直接的皮质记录。我们观察到自上而下的颞叶到枕叶皮层的影响，这种影响出现在与长期先验相一致的首选知觉中。相比之下，在非首选知觉中观察到更强的前馈驱动，这与预测误差信号一致。基于分层预测编码和吸引网络的计算模型再现了所有关键的实验结果。这些结果表明，长期先验知识影响知觉的基础是一种大规模信息流变化模式，并为关于长期先验知识影响知觉的理论提供了限制。
