Hagino Teppei, Okazaki Shizuka, Serizawa Naotaka, Suzuki Kaori, Kaga Mio, Otsuka Yohei, Mikami Erina, Hoashi Toshihiko, Saeki Hidehisa, Matsuda Hiroki, Mitsui Hiroshi, Kanda Naoko
Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Chiba, Japan.
Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2021 Oct 28;14:1579-1591. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S335440. eCollection 2021.
Alopecia areata (AA) is characterized by non-scarring, patchy hair loss caused by autoimmune reactions to anagen hair follicles. The pathogenesis of AA may be affected by the diet. However, the dietary habits of patients with AA have not been precisely examined. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the dietary habits of patients with AA in comparison to those of healthy controls.
We evaluated the dietary habits of 70 adult Japanese patients with AA using a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire and compared them to the habits of age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
Japanese patients with AA had a higher body mass index (BMI) and higher intakes of vitamin C and fruit than the controls. Logistic regression analysis showed that AA was associated with BMI. Retinol intake was positively correlated with severity of alopecia tool (SALT) score, and linear regression analysis revealed that retinol intake was a predictor of SALT score. Retinol intake among patients with moderate to severe AA (ie, a SALT score >25) was higher than that in patients with mild AA (a SALT score ≤25). The mean age of AA patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) was lower than that of AA patients without AD; however, there were no differences in nutrient or food intake between these two groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that the comorbidity AD was negatively associated with age.
AA was associated with a high BMI, and high retinol intake was a predictor of SALT score. Further studies should be conducted to clarify whether dietary intervention to reduce BMI or limit retinol intake can alter the development or severity of AA.
斑秃（AA）的特征是对生长期毛囊发生自身免疫反应导致的非瘢痕性、片状脱发。AA的发病机制可能受饮食影响。然而，AA患者的饮食习惯尚未得到精确研究。因此，本研究的目的是调查AA患者与健康对照者相比的饮食习惯。
我们使用简短型自填式饮食史问卷评估了70名成年日本AA患者的饮食习惯，并将其与年龄和性别匹配的健康对照者的习惯进行比较。
日本AA患者的体重指数（BMI）较高，维生素C和水果摄入量高于对照组。逻辑回归分析表明，AA与BMI相关。视黄醇摄入量与脱发严重程度工具（SALT）评分呈正相关，线性回归分析显示视黄醇摄入量是SALT评分的一个预测指标。中度至重度AA患者（即SALT评分>25）的视黄醇摄入量高于轻度AA患者（SALT评分≤25）。患有特应性皮炎（AD）的AA患者的平均年龄低于无AD的AA患者；然而，这两组之间的营养或食物摄入量没有差异。逻辑回归分析表明，AD合并症与年龄呈负相关。
AA与高BMI相关，高视黄醇摄入量是SALT评分的预测指标。应进行进一步研究以阐明降低BMI或限制视黄醇摄入量的饮食干预是否能改变AA的发展或严重程度。
