Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
Leibniz-Institute für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Groβbeeren, Germany.
Plant Commun. 2021 Aug 23;2(5):100235. doi: 10.1016/j.xplc.2021.100235. eCollection 2021 Sep 13.
Synthetic biology has been developing rapidly in the last decade and is attracting increasing attention from many plant biologists. The production of high-value plant-specific secondary metabolites is, however, limited mostly to microbes. This is potentially problematic because of incorrect post-translational modification of proteins and differences in protein micro-compartmentalization, substrate availability, chaperone availability, product toxicity, and cytochrome p450 reductase enzymes. Unlike other heterologous systems, plant cells may be a promising alternative for the production of high-value metabolites. Several commercial plant suspension cell cultures from different plant species have been used successfully to produce valuable metabolites in a safe, low cost, and environmentally friendly manner. However, few metabolites are currently being biosynthesized using plant platforms, with the exception of the natural pigment anthocyanin. Both and cell cultures can be developed by multiple gene transformations and CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing. Given that the introduction of heterologous biosynthetic pathways into and is not widely used, the biosynthesis of foreign metabolites is currently limited; however, therein lies great potential. Here, we discuss the exemplary use of plant cell cultures and prospects for using and cell cultures to produce valuable plant-specific metabolites.
在过去的十年中，合成生物学发展迅速，吸引了许多植物生物学家的关注。然而，高价值的植物特异性次生代谢产物的生产主要局限于微生物。这可能是一个问题，因为蛋白质的翻译后修饰不正确，以及蛋白质微区室化、底物可用性、伴侣蛋白可用性、产物毒性和细胞色素 P450 还原酶的差异。与其他异源系统不同，植物细胞可能是生产高价值代谢物的有前途的替代选择。已经成功地使用来自不同植物物种的几种商业植物悬浮细胞培养物以安全、低成本和环保的方式生产有价值的代谢物。然而，除了天然色素花青素外，目前使用植物平台生物合成的代谢物很少。和 细胞培养物可以通过多次基因转化和 CRISPR-Cas9 基因组编辑来开发。鉴于异源生物合成途径引入 和 并不广泛，因此目前对外源代谢物的生物合成受到限制；然而，这其中存在巨大的潜力。在这里，我们讨论了植物细胞培养物的典型应用以及利用 和 细胞培养物生产有价值的植物特异性代谢物的前景。
