Wu Bei, Li Yinping, Zhao Wenjia, Meng Zhiqiang, Ji Wen, Wang Chen
Department of Pharmacy, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural, Sciences (CAAS), Xingcheng, China.
Front Genet. 2021 Oct 26;12:758326. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2021.758326. eCollection 2021.
Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao in Chinese) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. The lipid components in Forsythiae Fructu are the basis of plant growth and active metabolism. Samples were collected at two growth stages for a comprehensive study. Transcriptome and lipidomics were performed by using the RNA-seq and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS techniques separately. For the first time, it was reported that there were 5802 lipid components in Lianqiao comprised of 31.7% glycerolipids, 16.57% phospholipids, 13.18% sphingolipids, and 10.54% fatty acids. Lipid components such as terpenes and flavonoids have pharmacological activity, but their content was low. Among these lipids which were isolated from Forsythiae Fructus, 139 showed significant differences from the May and July harvest periods. The lipids of natural products are mainly concentrated in pregnenolones and polyvinyl lipids. RNA-Seq analysis revealed 92,294 unigenes, and 1533 of these were differentially expressed. There were 551 differential genes enriched in 119 KEGG pathways. The synthesis pathways of terpenoids and flavonoids were explored. Combined with the results of lipidomics and transcriptomics, it is hypothesized that in the synthesis of abscisic acid, a terpenoid, may be under the dynamic regulation of genes EC: 1.1.1.288, EC: 1.14.14.137 and EC: 1.13.11.51 in balanced state. In the synthesis of gibberellin, GA20-oxidase (GA20ox, EC: 1.14.11.12), and GA3-oxidase (GA3ox, EC: 1.14.11.15) catalyze the production of active GAs, and EC: 1.14.11.13 is the metabolic enzymes of active GAs. In the synthesis of flavonoids, MF (multifunctional), PAL (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase), CHS (chalcone synthase), ANS (anthocyanidin synthase), FLS (flavonol synthase) are all key enzymes. The results of the present study provide valuable reference information for further research on the metabolic pathways of the secondary metabolites of
连翘在传统中药中被广泛应用。连翘中的脂质成分是植物生长和活跃新陈代谢的基础。在两个生长阶段采集样本进行全面研究。分别使用RNA测序和超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱技术进行转录组学和脂质组学分析。首次报道连翘中存在5802种脂质成分，其中甘油olipids占31.7%，磷脂占16.57%，鞘脂占13.18%，脂肪酸占10.54%。萜类和黄酮类等脂质成分具有药理活性，但其含量较低。从连翘中分离出的这些脂质中，139种在五月和七月收获期存在显著差异。天然产物的脂质主要集中在孕烯醇酮和聚乙烯脂质中。RNA测序分析揭示了92294个单基因，其中1533个差异表达。有551个差异基因富集在119条KEGG通路中。探索了萜类和黄酮类的合成途径。结合脂质组学和转录组学结果，推测在脱落酸的合成中，一种萜类化合物可能在基因EC: 1.1.1.288、EC: 1.14.14.137和EC: 1.13.11.51的动态调控下处于平衡状态。在赤霉素的合成中，GA20-氧化酶（GA20ox，EC: 1.14.11.12）和GA3-氧化酶（GA3ox，EC: 1.14.11.15）催化活性赤霉素的产生，而EC: 1.14.11.13是活性赤霉素的代谢酶。在黄酮类的合成中，MF（多功能）、PAL（苯丙氨酸解氨酶）、CHS（查尔酮合酶）、ANS（花青素合酶）、FLS（黄酮醇合酶）都是关键酶。本研究结果为进一步研究[此处原文似乎不完整]次生代谢产物的代谢途径提供了有价值的参考信息。
