Doctoral School, University of Silesia, Bankowa 14, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 30;22(21):11811. doi: 10.3390/ijms222111811.
The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles (NPs) is a desirable feature of various products but can become problematic when NPs are released into different ecosystems, potentially endangering living microorganisms. Although there is an abundance of advanced studies on the toxicity and biological activity of NPs on microorganisms, the information regarding their detailed interactions with microbial cells and the induction of oxidative stress remains incomplete. Therefore, this work aimed to develop accurate oxidation stress profiles of , and strains treated with commercial Ag-NPs, Cu-NPs, ZnO-NPs and TiO-NPs. The methodology used included the following determinations: toxicological parameters, reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant enzymes and dehydrogenases, reduced glutathione, oxidatively modified proteins and lipid peroxidation. The toxicological studies revealed that was most sensitive to NPs than and . Moreover, NPs induced the generation of specific ROS in bacterial cells, causing an increase in their concentration, which further resulted in alterations in the activity of the antioxidant defence system and protein oxidation. Significant changes in dehydrogenases activity and elevated lipid peroxidation indicated a negative effect of NPs on bacterial outer layers and respiratory activity. In general, NPs were characterised by very specific nano-bio effects, depending on their physicochemical properties and the species of microorganism.
纳米颗粒 (NPs) 的抗菌活性是各种产品的理想特性，但当 NPs 释放到不同的生态系统中时，可能会对生活微生物造成危害，从而成为一个问题。尽管有大量关于 NPs 对微生物的毒性和生物活性的先进研究，但关于它们与微生物细胞的详细相互作用以及诱导氧化应激的信息仍然不完整。因此，本工作旨在开发用商业 Ag-NPs、Cu-NPs、ZnO-NPs 和 TiO-NPs 处理的 、 和 菌株的准确氧化应激谱。所采用的方法包括以下测定：毒理学参数、活性氧 (ROS)、抗氧化酶和脱氢酶、还原型谷胱甘肽、氧化修饰蛋白和脂质过氧化。毒理学研究表明，与 和 相比， 对 NPs 更为敏感。此外，NPs 在细菌细胞中诱导产生特定的 ROS，导致其浓度增加，进而导致抗氧化防御系统和蛋白质氧化活性发生改变。脱氢酶活性的显著变化和脂质过氧化的升高表明 NPs 对细菌外层和呼吸活性有负面影响。一般来说，NPs 具有非常特殊的纳米生物效应，这取决于它们的物理化学性质和微生物的种类。
