Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico.
Independent Researcher, Mexico City 03303, Mexico.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 5;18(21):11646. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111646.
Health effects related to exposure to air pollution such as ozone (O) have been documented. The World Health Organization has recommended the use of the Sum of O Means Over 35 ppb (SOMO35) to perform Health Impact Assessments (HIA) for long-term exposure to O. We estimated the avoidable mortality associated with long-term exposure to tropospheric O in 14 cities in Mexico using information for 2015. The economic valuation of avoidable deaths related to SOMO35 exposure was performed using the willingness to pay (WTP) and human capital (HC) approaches. We estimated that 627 deaths (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 227-1051) from respiratory diseases associated with the exposure to O would have been avoided in people over 30 years in the study area, which confirms the public health impacts of ambient air pollution. The avoidable deaths account for almost 1400 million USD under the WTP approach, whilst the HC method yielded a lost productivity estimate of 29.7 million USD due to premature deaths. Our findings represent the first evidence of the health impacts of O exposure in Mexico, using SOMO35 metrics.
已记录到与接触臭氧（O）等空气污染有关的健康影响。世界卫生组织建议使用臭氧 35 小时平均值（SOMO35）来进行臭氧长期暴露的健康影响评估（HIA）。我们利用 2015 年的信息，估算了墨西哥 14 个城市中因长期接触对流层 O 而导致的可避免死亡人数。使用支付意愿（WTP）和人力资本（HC）方法对与 SOMO35 暴露相关的可避免死亡进行了经济估值。我们估计，在研究区域内，30 岁以上人群因接触 O 而导致的呼吸道疾病可避免 627 人死亡（95%置信区间（UI）：227-1051），这证实了大气污染对公共健康的影响。根据 WTP 方法，可避免的死亡人数约为 1.4 亿美元，而 HC 方法因过早死亡导致生产力损失估计为 2970 万美元。我们的研究结果首次使用 SOMO35 指标，证明了墨西哥 O 暴露的健康影响。
