Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No.16 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610044, China.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Jun 5;21(1):1069. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10751-7.
Ground-level ozone (O) pollution is currently the one of the severe environmental problems in China. Although existing studies have quantified the O-related health impact and economic loss, few have focused on the acute health effects of short-term exposure to O and have been limited to a single temporal and spatial dimension.
Based on the O concentration obtained from ground monitoring networks in 334 Chinese cities in 2015-2018, this study used a two-stage exposure parameter weighted Log-linear exposure-response function to estimate the cause-specific mortality for short-term exposure to O.
The value of statistical life (VSL) method that were used to calculate the economic loss at the city-level. Our results show that in China, the national all-cause mortality attributed to O was 0.27(95% CI: 0.14-0.55) to 0.39 (95% CI: 0.20-0.67) million across 2015-2018. The estimated economic loss caused by O was 387.76 (95% CI: 195.99-904.50) to 594.08 (95% CI: 303.34-1140.65) billion CNY, accounting for 0.52 to 0.69% of total reported GDP. Overall, the O attributed health and economic burden has begun to decline in China since 2017. However, highly polluted areas still face severe burden, and undeveloped areas suffer from high GDP losses.
There are substantial health impacts and economic losses related to short-term O exposure in China. The government should pay attention to the emerging ozone pollution, and continue to strengthen the intervention in traditional priority areas while solving the pollution problem in non-priority areas.
目前，中国面临的严重环境问题之一是地面臭氧（O）污染。尽管现有研究已经量化了 O 相关的健康影响和经济损失，但很少有研究关注短期暴露于 O 对健康的急性影响，且局限于单一的时间和空间维度。
本研究基于 2015-2018 年中国 334 个城市地面监测网络获取的 O 浓度数据，采用两阶段暴露参数加权对数线性暴露反应函数来估计短期 O 暴露引起的特定原因死亡率。
本研究使用了价值统计生命（VSL）方法来计算城市层面的经济损失。结果表明，在中国，2015-2018 年，O 导致的全国全因死亡率为 0.27（95%置信区间：0.14-0.55）至 0.39（95%置信区间：0.20-0.67）百万例。估计 O 造成的经济损失为 387.76（95%置信区间：195.99-904.50）至 594.08（95%置信区间：303.34-1140.65）亿元人民币，占总报告 GDP 的 0.52%至 0.69%。总体而言，自 2017 年以来，中国与 O 短期暴露相关的健康和经济负担开始下降。然而，高污染地区仍面临着严重的负担，欠发达地区则面临着高 GDP 损失。
中国短期 O 暴露对健康造成了重大影响，也带来了经济损失。政府应关注新兴的臭氧污染问题，在继续加强对传统优先地区干预的同时，解决非优先地区的污染问题。
