Sher Farooq, Raore David, Klemeš Jiří Jaromír, Rafi-Ul-Shan Piyya Muhammad, Khzouz Martin, Marintseva Kristina, Razmkhah Omid
Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS UK.
School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Environmental and Computing, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB UK.
Curr Pollut Rep. 2021;7(4):549-564. doi: 10.1007/s40726-021-00206-3. Epub 2021 Nov 10.
There has been a continuously growing trend in international commercial air traffic, with the exception of COVID-19 crises; however, after the recovery, the trend is expected to even sharpen. The consequences of released emissions and by-products in the environment range from human health hazards, low air quality and global warming. This study is aimed to investigate the role of aviation emissions in global warming. For this purpose, data on different variables including global air traffic and growth rate, air traffic in different continents, total global CO emissions of different airlines, direct and indirect emissions, air traffic in various UK airports and fuel-efficient aircraft was collected from various sources like EU member states, Statista, Eurostat, IATA, CAA and EUROCONTROL. The results indicated that in 2019, commercial airlines carried over 4.5 × 10 passengers on scheduled flights. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the global number of passengers was reduced to 1.8 × 10, representing around a 60% reduction in air traffic. Germany was the largest contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) from the EU, releasing 927 kt of emissions in 3 years. In the UK, Heathrow airport had the highest number of passengers in 2019 with over 80 million, and the study of monthly aircraft movement revealed that Heathrow Airport also had the highest number of EU and International flights, while Edinburgh had the domestic flights in 2018. These research findings could be beneficial for airlines, policymakers and governments targeting the reduction of aircraft emissions.
除新冠疫情危机期间外，国际商业航空运输量一直呈持续增长趋势；不过，预计复苏后这一趋势将更加明显。环境中排放的废气和副产品会带来诸多后果，包括危害人类健康、降低空气质量以及导致全球变暖。本研究旨在调查航空排放对全球变暖的影响。为此，从欧盟成员国、Statista、欧盟统计局、国际航空运输协会、英国民航局和欧洲空管组织等不同来源收集了不同变量的数据，包括全球航空运输量和增长率、各大洲的航空运输量、不同航空公司的全球二氧化碳排放总量、直接和间接排放、英国各机场的航空运输量以及燃油效率高的飞机等。结果表明，2019年，商业航空公司定期航班运送旅客超过45亿人次。然而，由于2020年的新冠疫情，全球旅客数量降至18亿人次，航空运输量减少了约60%。德国是欧盟温室气体排放的最大贡献国，三年内排放了92.7万吨温室气体。在英国，希思罗机场在2019年的旅客数量最多，超过8000万，对每月航班起降架次的研究表明，希思罗机场的欧盟和国际航班数量也最多，而2018年爱丁堡机场国内航班数量最多。这些研究结果可能对致力于减少飞机排放的航空公司、政策制定者和政府有益。
