School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Sci Rep. 2021 Nov 18;11(1):22480. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-00616-9.
Monitoring community psychological and behavioural responses to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is important for informing policy making and risk communication to sustain public compliance with challenging precautionary behaviours and mitigating the psychological impacts. Monthly telephone-based cross-sectional surveys in January-April 2020 and then weekly surveys from May through December 2020 were conducted to monitor changes in public risk perception of COVID-19, personal efficacy in self-protection, confidence in government's ability to control the pandemic, precautionary behaviours, perceived impact of precautionary behaviours, psychological fatigue and distress in Hong Kong, and examine their inter-relationships. While worry about contracting COVID-19 increased, personal efficacy and confidence in government declined as the community incidence of COVID-19 increased. The public maintained high compliance with most precautionary behaviours throughout but relaxed behaviours that were more challenging when disease incidence declined. Public confidence in government was persistently low throughout, of which, a lower level was associated with more psychological fatigue, lower compliance with precautionary behaviours and greater psychological distress. Perceived greater negative impact of precautionary behaviours was also associated with more psychological fatigue which in turn was associated with relaxation of precautionary behaviours. Female, younger and unemployed individuals reported greater psychological distress throughout different stages of the pandemic. Risk communication should focus on promoting confidence in self-protection and pandemic control to avoid helplessness to act when the pandemic resurges. Policy making should prioritize building public trust, enhancing support for sustaining precautionary behaviours, and helping vulnerable groups to adapt to the stress during the pandemic.
监测社区对 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的心理和行为反应对于为政策制定提供信息和风险沟通很重要，以维持公众对挑战性预防行为的遵守，并减轻心理影响。2020 年 1 月至 4 月进行了每月一次的基于电话的横断面调查，然后从 5 月到 12 月每周进行一次调查，以监测公众对 COVID-19 的风险感知、自我保护个人效能、对政府控制大流行能力的信心、预防行为、预防行为的感知影响、心理疲劳和困扰的变化，并研究它们之间的相互关系。随着社区 COVID-19 发病率的增加，公众对感染 COVID-19 的担忧增加了，但个人效能和对政府的信心却下降了。公众始终高度遵守大多数预防措施，但随着疾病发病率的下降，放松了更具挑战性的行为。公众对政府的信心一直很低，其中，较低的信心水平与更多的心理疲劳、较低的预防行为遵守率和更大的心理困扰有关。感知到预防行为的更大负面影响也与更多的心理疲劳有关，而心理疲劳又与预防行为的放松有关。女性、年轻人和失业者在大流行的不同阶段都报告了更大的心理困扰。风险沟通应侧重于增强自我保护和大流行控制的信心，以避免在大流行再次出现时无助于采取行动。政策制定应优先建立公众信任，增强对维持预防行为的支持，并帮助弱势群体适应大流行期间的压力。
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