Smaoui Slim, Barkallah Mohamed, Ben Hlima Hajer, Fendri Imen, Mousavi Khaneghah Amin, Michaud Philippe, Abdelkafi Slim
Laboratoire de Microorganismes et de Biomolécules, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Route Sidi Mansour Km 6 B.P. 117, Sfax 3018, Tunisia.
Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Equipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia.
Foods. 2021 Nov 17;10(11):2835. doi: 10.3390/foods10112835.
In the last 20 years, xanthophylls from microalgae have gained increased scientific and industrial interests. This review highlights the essential issues that concern this class of high value compounds. Firstly, their chemical diversity as the producer microorganisms was detailed. Then, the use of conventional and innovative extraction techniques was discussed. Upgraded knowledge on the biosynthetic pathway of the main xanthophylls produced by photosynthetic microorganisms was reviewed in depth, providing new insightful ideas, clarifying the function of these active biomolecules. In addition, the recent advances in encapsulation techniques of astaxanthin and fucoxanthin, such as spray and freeze drying, gelation, emulsification and coacervation were updated. Providing information about these topics and their applications and advances could be a help to students and young researchers who are interested in chemical and metabolic engineering, chemistry and natural products communities to approach the complex thematic of xanthophylls.
在过去20年里，微藻中的叶黄素在科学和工业领域受到了越来越多的关注。本综述重点介绍了与这类高价值化合物相关的关键问题。首先，详细阐述了作为生产者的微生物所产生的叶黄素的化学多样性。然后，讨论了传统和创新提取技术的应用。深入回顾了光合微生物产生的主要叶黄素生物合成途径的最新知识，提供了新的深刻见解，阐明了这些活性生物分子的功能。此外，还更新了虾青素和岩藻黄质包封技术的最新进展，如喷雾干燥、冷冻干燥、凝胶化、乳化和凝聚。提供有关这些主题及其应用和进展的信息，可能有助于对化学和代谢工程、化学及天然产物领域感兴趣的学生和年轻研究人员了解叶黄素这一复杂主题。
