Marzan Akbar Lulu, Stewart Sarah Elizabeth
Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Nov 12;13(22):5669. doi: 10.3390/cancers13225669.
Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. This dismal survival rate can be attributed to several factors including insufficient diagnostics, rapid metastasis and chemoresistance. To identify new treatment options for improved patient outcomes, it is crucial to investigate the underlying mechanisms that contribute to pancreatic cancer progression. Accumulating evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles, including exosomes and microvesicles, are critical players in pancreatic cancer progression and chemoresistance. In addition, extracellular vesicles also have the potential to serve as promising biomarkers, therapeutic targets and drug delivery tools for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. In this review, we aim to summarise the current knowledge on the role of extracellular vesicles in pancreatic cancer progression, metastasis, immunity, metabolic dysfunction and chemoresistance, and discuss their potential roles as biomarkers for early diagnosis and drug delivery vehicles for treatment of pancreatic cancer.
胰腺癌是全球最致命的癌症之一，5年生存率低于10%。这种令人沮丧的生存率可归因于多种因素，包括诊断不足、快速转移和化疗耐药性。为了确定改善患者预后的新治疗方案，研究导致胰腺癌进展的潜在机制至关重要。越来越多的证据表明，细胞外囊泡，包括外泌体和微泡，是胰腺癌进展和化疗耐药性的关键参与者。此外，细胞外囊泡还有可能作为有前景的生物标志物、治疗靶点和治疗胰腺癌的药物递送工具。在这篇综述中，我们旨在总结目前关于细胞外囊泡在胰腺癌进展、转移、免疫、代谢功能障碍和化疗耐药性中的作用的知识，并讨论它们作为早期诊断生物标志物和治疗胰腺癌的药物递送载体的潜在作用。
