Elhattab Karim, Hefzy Mohamed Samir, Hanf Zachary, Crosby Bailey, Enders Alexander, Smiczek Tim, Haghshenas Meysam, Jahadakbar Ahmadreza, Elahinia Mohammad
Department of Mechanical, Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Nov 12;14(22):6833. doi: 10.3390/ma14226833.
This review paper is related to the biomechanics of additively manufactured (AM) metallic scaffolds, in particular titanium alloy Ti6Al4V scaffolds. This is because Ti6Al4V has been identified as an ideal candidate for AM metallic scaffolds. The factors that affect the scaffold technology are the design, the material used to build the scaffold, and the fabrication process. This review paper includes thus a discussion on the design of Ti6A4V scaffolds in relation to how their behavior is affected by their cell shapes and porosities. This is followed by a discussion on the post treatment and mechanical characterization including in-vitro and in-vivo biomechanical studies. A review and discussion are also presented on the ongoing efforts to develop predictive tools to derive the relationships between structure, processing, properties and performance of powder-bed additive manufacturing of metals. This is a challenge when developing process computational models because the problem involves multi-physics and is of multi-scale in nature. Advantages, limitations, and future trends in AM scaffolds are finally discussed. AM is considered at the forefront of Industry 4.0, the fourth industrial revolution. The market of scaffold technology will continue to boom because of the high demand for human tissue repair.
这篇综述论文与增材制造（AM）金属支架的生物力学有关，特别是钛合金Ti6Al4V支架。这是因为Ti6Al4V已被确定为AM金属支架的理想候选材料。影响支架技术的因素包括设计、用于构建支架的材料以及制造工艺。因此，这篇综述论文包括关于Ti6Al4V支架设计的讨论，涉及细胞形状和孔隙率如何影响其性能。接下来是关于后处理和力学表征的讨论，包括体外和体内生物力学研究。还对开发预测工具以推导金属粉末床增材制造的结构、加工、性能和性能之间关系的 ongoing efforts 进行了综述和讨论。在开发过程计算模型时这是一个挑战，因为该问题涉及多物理场且本质上是多尺度的。最后讨论了AM支架的优点、局限性和未来趋势。AM被认为处于第四次工业革命——工业4.0的前沿。由于对人体组织修复的高需求，支架技术市场将持续繁荣。
