Hcini Kheiria, Lozano-Pérez Antonio A, Luis Cenis José, Quílez María, José Jordán Maria
Biodiversity, Biotechnology and Climate Change Laboratory (LR11ES09), Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia.
Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University Campus Sidi Ahmed Zarroug, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Oct 27;10(11):2312. doi: 10.3390/plants10112312.
Rosemary ( L.) is known to be an effective potential source of natural antioxidants which confer benefits to human health. Their bioactive properties are mainly due to phenolic compounds but these molecules are highly vulnerable to oxidants, light, heat, pH, water and enzymatic activities. Therefore, the stability and shelf life of phenolic compounds should be increased by being protected from chemical and physical damage by means of encapsulation prior to application. Encapsulation is becoming increasingly important in the pharmaceutical, food, cosmetics, textile, personal care, chemical, biotechnology, and medicinal industries due to its potential for stabilization and delivery of delicate and precious bioactive compounds. The aim of the present work was to describe the polyphenolic profile of Tunisian Rosemary, collected from two different bioclimatic areas, and further loading in silk fibroin nanoparticles. The loaded nanoparticles were characterized in terms of morphology, size, polydispersity, Z-potential, secondary structure of the protein, encapsulation efficiency, loading content, and antioxidant activity. On one hand, HPLC analysis revealed the presence of 18 polyphenolic compounds of whichcarnosic acid and carnosol were found to be the most abundant compounds (46.3 to 76.4 and 22.4 to 43.5 mg of compound per gram of dry plant weight (mg/g DPW) respectively), Total phenolic content (TPC) ranged from 85.8 to 137.3 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g DPW in post-distilled rosemary extracts andantioxidant activity reached the values of 5.9 to 8.3 µmol of ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE)/g DPW). On the other hand loaded nanoparticles were almost spherical and presented nanometric size and negative Z-potential. Although the encapsulation efficiency in silk fibroin nanoparticles and the drug loading content were low in the conditions of the assay, the encapsulated polyphenols retained near 85% of the radical scavenging activity against DPPH· after 24 h. of incubation at 37 °C. The results showed that post-distilled rosemary residues had an effective potential as natural antioxidants due to their significant antioxidant activity and seemed to be useful in both pharmaceutical and food industries with beneficial properties that might confer benefits to human health and these silk fibroin nanoparticles loaded with rosemary extracts are thus a promising combination for several applications in food technology or nanomedicine.
迷迭香（Rosemary (L.)）是一种已知的有效天然抗氧化剂潜在来源，对人类健康有益。其生物活性主要归因于酚类化合物，但这些分子极易受到氧化剂、光、热、pH值、水和酶活性的影响。因此，在应用前通过包封保护酚类化合物免受化学和物理损伤，应能提高其稳定性和保质期。由于包封在稳定和递送精致而珍贵的生物活性化合物方面具有潜力，它在制药、食品、化妆品、纺织、个人护理、化工、生物技术和医药行业正变得越来越重要。本研究的目的是描述从两个不同生物气候区采集的突尼斯迷迭香的多酚谱，并进一步负载于丝素蛋白纳米颗粒中。对负载的纳米颗粒进行了形态、尺寸、多分散性、Z电位、蛋白质二级结构、包封效率、负载量和抗氧化活性等方面的表征。一方面，高效液相色谱分析显示存在18种多酚化合物，其中发现鼠尾草酸和鼠尾草酚是最丰富的化合物（分别为每克干植物重量（mg/g DPW）含46.3至76.4毫克和22.4至43.5毫克化合物），蒸馏后迷迭香提取物中的总酚含量（TPC）范围为85.8至137.3毫克没食子酸当量（GAE）/g DPW，抗氧化活性达到5.9至8.3微摩尔抗坏血酸当量（AAE）/g DPW的值。另一方面，负载的纳米颗粒几乎呈球形，具有纳米尺寸和负Z电位。尽管在测定条件下丝素蛋白纳米颗粒中的包封效率和药物负载量较低，但在37°C孵育24小时后，包封的多酚对DPPH·的自由基清除活性保留了近85%。结果表明，蒸馏后的迷迭香残渣因其显著的抗氧化活性而具有作为天然抗氧化剂的有效潜力，似乎在制药和食品行业都有用，其有益特性可能对人类健康有益，因此这些负载迷迭香提取物的丝素蛋白纳米颗粒是食品技术或纳米医学中多种应用的有前景组合。
