Nazlić Marija, Fredotović Željana, Vuko Elma, Vuletić Nenad, Ljubenkov Ivica, Kremer Dario, Jurišić Grubešić Renata, Stabentheiner Edith, Randić Marko, Dunkić Valerija
Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, HR-21000 Split, Croatia.
Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Nov 20;10(11):2529. doi: 10.3390/plants10112529.
The composition of free volatile compounds of essential oils (EO) and hydrosols (Hy) from four different localities of the species ssp. (Baumg.) Eb. Fisch. were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. In the EOs, the most abundant compounds identified were hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (23.34-52.56%), hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid, 26.71-58.91%) and octadecanol acetate (0-6.24%). The hydrosols were characterized by high abundance of methyl eugenol (23.35-57.93%), --mentha-1(7),8-dien-2-ol (5.24-7.69%) and thymol (3.48-9.45%). Glandular trichomes were analyzed using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), as they are the sites of synthesis of free volatile compounds. We have detected glandular trichomes, consisting of a one stalk cell and two elliptically shaped head cells, and non-glandular (unbranched, bi-cellular to multicellular) trichomes on stems, leaves and the sepals. Data for volatile compounds from EOs and hydrosols were analyzed using Principal Component Analyses (PCA) to demonstrate variations in the composition of the volatile compounds identified. Isolated samples of EO and hydrosols were analyzed for their antioxidant activity using two methods, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity). The essential oils showed higher antioxidant activity than the hydrosols in ORAC method, but lower activity by the DPPH method. The isolates were also tested for their antiproliferative activity on different types of cancer cells and also on two lines of healthy cells, and the results showed that the extracts were not toxic to the cell lines tested. Total polyphenols, total tannins, total flavonoids and total phenolic acids were also analyzed and determined spectrophotometrically. The free volatile compounds of ssp. can be considered as a safe natural product.
采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析了来自四个不同产地的唇萼薄荷（唇萼薄荷亚种，唇萼薄荷（Baumg.）Eb. Fisch.）精油（EO）和纯露（Hy）中游离挥发性化合物的组成。在精油中，鉴定出的含量最高的化合物为六氢法呢基丙酮（23.34 - 52.56%）、十六烷酸（棕榈酸，26.71 - 58.91%）和乙酸十八醇酯（0 - 6.24%）。纯露的特征在于甲基丁香酚含量高（23.35 - 57.93%）、-薄荷-1(7),8-二烯-2-醇（5.24 - 7.69%）和百里香酚（3.48 - 9.45%）。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对腺毛进行了分析，因为它们是游离挥发性化合物的合成部位。我们在茎、叶和萼片上检测到了腺毛，其由一个柄细胞和两个椭圆形头部细胞组成，以及非腺毛（无分支，双细胞至多细胞）。使用主成分分析（PCA）对精油和纯露中挥发性化合物的数据进行分析，以证明所鉴定的挥发性化合物组成的变化。使用两种方法，即DPPH（2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼）和ORAC（氧自由基吸收能力），对分离出的精油和纯露样品的抗氧化活性进行了分析。在ORAC法中，精油显示出比纯露更高的抗氧化活性，但在DPPH法中活性较低。还对分离物在不同类型癌细胞以及两株健康细胞系上的抗增殖活性进行了测试，结果表明提取物对所测试的细胞系无毒。还通过分光光度法分析并测定了总多酚、总单宁、总黄酮和总酚酸。唇萼薄荷亚种的游离挥发性化合物可被视为一种安全的天然产物。
