Zhang Nan, Deng Tao, Zhang Shuoqing, Wang Changhong, Chen Lixin, Wang Chunsheng, Fan Xiulin
State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
Adv Mater. 2022 Apr;34(15):e2107899. doi: 10.1002/adma.202107899. Epub 2022 Feb 26.
With the highest energy density ever among all sorts of commercialized rechargeable batteries, Li-ion batteries (LIBs) have stimulated an upsurge utilization in 3C devices, electric vehicles, and stationary energy-storage systems. However, a high performance of commercial LIBs based on ethylene carbonate electrolytes and graphite anodes can only be achieved at above -20 °C, which restricts their applications in harsh environments. Here, a comprehensive research progress and in-depth understanding of the critical factors leading to the poor low-temperature performance of LIBs is provided; the distinctive challenges on the anodes, electrolytes, cathodes, and electrolyte-electrodes interphases are sorted out, with a special focus on Li-ion transport mechanism therein. Finally, promising strategies and solutions for improving low-temperature performance are highlighted to maximize the working-temperature range of the next-generation high-energy Li-ion/metal batteries.
锂离子电池（LIBs）具有各类商业化可充电电池中最高的能量密度，在3C设备、电动汽车和固定式储能系统中引发了一股应用热潮。然而，基于碳酸亚乙酯电解质和石墨负极的商用锂离子电池只有在高于-20°C时才能实现高性能，这限制了它们在恶劣环境中的应用。本文提供了对导致锂离子电池低温性能不佳的关键因素的全面研究进展和深入理解；梳理了负极、电解质、正极和电解质-电极界面面临的独特挑战，并特别关注其中的锂离子传输机制。最后，强调了提高低温性能的有前景的策略和解决方案，以最大限度地扩大下一代高能锂离子/金属电池的工作温度范围。
