ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode, 673012, Kerala, India.
Curr Microbiol. 2021 Dec 11;79(1):4. doi: 10.1007/s00284-021-02682-8.
In the present study, the impact of co-inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM Rhizophagus sp., NCBI-MN710507) and Zinc solubilizing bacteria (ZSB2- Bacillus megaterium, NCBI-KY687496) on plant growth, soil dehydrogenase activity, soil respiration and the changes in bacterial diversity in rhizosphere of turmeric (Curcuma longa) were examined. Our results showed that higher plant height and dry biomass were observed in treatments co-inoculated with AM and ZSB2. Likewise, dehydrogenase activity and soil respiration were more significant in the co-inoculation treatment, indicating abundance of introduced as well as inherent microflora. Bacterial community analysis using 16S rRNA revealed changes in the structure and diversity of various taxa due to co-inoculation of AM and ZSB2. Alpha diversity indexes (Shannon and Chao1) and beta diversity indexes obtained through unweighted unifrac approach also showed variation among the treated samples. Chloroflexi was the dominant phylum followed by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria which accounted for 80% of all treated samples. The composition of bacterial communities at genus level revealed that co-inoculation caused distinct bacterial profiles. The Linear discriminant analysis effect size revealed the dominance of ecologically significant genera such as Bradyrhizobium, Candidatus, Pedomicrbium, Thermoporothrix, Acinetobacter and Nitrospira in treatments co-inoculated with AM and ZSB2. On the whole, co-inoculated treatments revealed enhanced microbial activities and caused significant positive shifts in the bacterial diversity and abundance compared to treatments with sole application of ZSB2 or AM.
在本研究中，研究了丛枝菌根真菌（AM Rhizophagus sp.，NCBI-MN710507）和锌溶细菌（ZSB2-巨大芽孢杆菌，NCBI-KY687496）共接种对姜黄（Curcuma longa）生长、土壤脱氢酶活性、土壤呼吸和根际细菌多样性变化的影响。我们的结果表明，与单独接种 AM 或 ZSB2 相比，共接种 AM 和 ZSB2 的处理中植物高度和干生物量更高。同样，脱氢酶活性和土壤呼吸在共接种处理中更为显著，表明引入的和固有微生物群落的丰度更高。使用 16S rRNA 进行细菌群落分析显示，由于 AM 和 ZSB2 的共接种，各种分类群的结构和多样性发生了变化。通过非加权 UniFrac 方法获得的 alpha 多样性指数（Shannon 和 Chao1）和 beta 多样性指数也表明处理样本之间存在差异。Chloroflexi 是优势门，其次是 Proteobacteria、Actinobacteria 和 Acidobacteria，占所有处理样本的 80%。属水平上细菌群落的组成表明，共接种导致了明显不同的细菌图谱。线性判别分析效应大小揭示了具有生态意义的属如 Bradyrhizobium、Candidatus、Pedomicrbium、Thermoporothrix、Acinetobacter 和 Nitrospira 在 AM 和 ZSB2 共接种处理中的优势。总的来说，与单独接种 ZSB2 或 AM 的处理相比，共接种处理显示出增强的微生物活性，并导致细菌多样性和丰度的显著正向变化。
