Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
Bolin Centre for Climate Research, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
Environ Sci Technol. 2022 Jan 4;56(1):228-238. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04277. Epub 2021 Dec 15.
The effective enrichment of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in sea spray aerosols (SSA) demonstrated in previous laboratory studies suggests that SSA is a potential source of PFAAs to the atmosphere. In order to investigate the influence of SSA on atmospheric PFAAs in the field, 48 h aerosol samples were collected regularly between 2018 and 2020 at two Norwegian coastal locations, Andøya and Birkenes. Significant correlations ( < 0.05) between the SSA tracer ion, Na, and PFAA concentrations were observed in the samples from both locations, with Pearson's correlation coefficients () between 0.4-0.8. Such significant correlations indicate SSA to be an important source of atmospheric PFAAs to coastal areas. The correlations in the samples from Andøya were observed for more PFAA species and were generally stronger than in the samples from Birkenes, which is located further away from the coast and closer to urban areas than Andøya. Factors such as the origin of the SSA, the distance of the sampling site to open water, and the presence of other PFAA sources (e.g., volatile precursor compounds) can have influence on the contribution of SSA to PFAA in air at the sampling sites and therefore affect the observed correlations between PFAAs and Na.
先前的实验室研究表明，海雾气溶胶（SSA）中可有效富集全氟烷基酸（PFAAs），这表明 SSA 是大气中 PFAAs 的潜在来源。为了研究 SSA 对大气中 PFAAs 的实际影响，本研究于 2018 年至 2020 年在挪威两个沿海地点（安多亚和比肯斯）定期采集了 48 小时气溶胶样本。两个地点的样本中均观察到 SSA 示踪离子 Na 和 PFAA 浓度之间存在显著相关性（<0.05），皮尔逊相关系数（r）在 0.4-0.8 之间。如此显著的相关性表明 SSA 是沿海地区大气 PFAAs 的重要来源。安多亚样本中的相关性涉及更多的 PFAA 种类，且通常比比肯斯样本更强，这是因为与安多亚相比，比肯斯距离海岸更远，且更靠近城市地区。SSA 的来源、采样点与开阔水域的距离以及其他 PFAA 源（例如挥发性前体化合物）等因素都会影响 SSA 对采样点空气中 PFAA 的贡献，从而影响观察到的 PFAA 与 Na 之间的相关性。
