Qin Xuewen, Liu Tao
State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
J Mol Biol. 2022 Apr 30;434(8):167406. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167406. Epub 2021 Dec 18.
Protein phosphorylation is a reversible, residue-specific posttranslational modification that plays a pivotal role in cell signaling, and the phosphorylation state of proteins is tightly regulated by kinases and phosphatases. Malfunction of this regulation is often associated with human diseases, and therefore elucidation of the function and regulation of this posttranslational modification is important. Genetic code expansion, which allows for site-specific introduction of noncanonical amino acids directly into target proteins in response to a non-sense codon is a powerful method for preparing homogeneously phosphorylated proteins both in Escherichia coli and mammalian cells and therefore is useful for studying protein phosphorylation. Herein, we summarize recent developments in the application of genetic code expansion for protein phosphorylation studies.
蛋白质磷酸化是一种可逆的、位点特异性的翻译后修饰，在细胞信号传导中起关键作用，蛋白质的磷酸化状态受到激酶和磷酸酶的严格调控。这种调控功能的失调常与人类疾病相关，因此阐明这种翻译后修饰的功能和调控机制具有重要意义。遗传密码扩展技术能够响应无义密码子，将非天然氨基酸位点特异性地直接引入目标蛋白质中，是一种在大肠杆菌和哺乳动物细胞中制备均一磷酸化蛋白质的有力方法，因此对于研究蛋白质磷酸化很有用。在此，我们总结了遗传密码扩展技术在蛋白质磷酸化研究应用中的最新进展。
