Noer Khaerul Umam, Chadijah Siti, Rudiatin Endang
Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta, South Tangerang, 15419, Indonesia.
School of Graduate Program, University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta, South Tangerang, 15419, Indonesia.
Heliyon. 2021 Dec 3;7(12):e08552. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08552. eCollection 2021 Dec.
The number of violence against women in Indonesia continues to increase every year, this can be seen from data released by the National Commission on Violence Against Women and the State Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection. The problem is, although the two state institutions regularly release data on violence against women, the data released does not nationally represent the data on violence. This study aims to find reasons on why data on violence in Indonesia cannot be used as material for policy making. By using ethnographic methods in the National Commission on Violence Against Women, the Ministry, and six partner institutions, this study found a number of facts why the data on violence in Indonesia is so unreliable. At the ministry level, the main constraints are with the forms that are difficult to fill in, the model of tiered bureaucracy that is useful for reporting, but with the higher the level, the less violence data there are, the limited number of registrar. Whereas National Commission on Violence Against Women data are constrained by a centralized and voluntary data collection model, that more than 65% of partners do not return the data collection forms. This results in both the Ministry and the Komnas Perempuan data being just the tip of the iceberg of the problem of violence against women in Indonesia.
印度尼西亚针对妇女暴力行为的数量每年都在持续增加,这一点从全国妇女暴力行为委员会以及妇女赋权与儿童保护国务部发布的数据中可见一斑。问题在于,尽管这两个国家机构定期发布针对妇女暴力行为的数据,但所发布的数据并不能在全国范围内代表暴力行为的数据。本研究旨在找出印度尼西亚暴力行为数据不能用作政策制定依据的原因。通过在全国妇女暴力行为委员会、该部以及六个伙伴机构中运用人种志方法,本研究发现了诸多事实,解释了为何印度尼西亚的暴力行为数据如此不可靠。在部级层面,主要限制因素包括表格难以填写、用于报告的层级官僚模式,即级别越高,暴力行为数据越少,登记员数量有限。而全国妇女暴力行为委员会的数据则受到集中且自愿的数据收集模式的限制,超过65%的伙伴未返还数据收集表格。这导致该部和全国妇女暴力行为委员会的数据都只是印度尼西亚针对妇女暴力问题的冰山一角。