Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología. Edificio A, 2o Piso, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, A.P. 70228, CDMX 04510, Mexico.
Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México /Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, CDMX, México.
Acta Trop. 2022 Mar;227:106294. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106294. Epub 2021 Dec 26.
Neurocysticercosis caused by Taenia solium larvae is a neglected disease that persists in several countries, including Mexico, and causes a high disability-adjusted life year burden. Neuroimaging tools such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are the most efficient for its detection, but low availability and high costs in most endemic regions limit their use. Serological methods such as lentil lectin-purified glycoprotein enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot antibody detection and monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for HP10 antigen detection have been useful in supporting the diagnosis of this disease. We evaluated three T. solium recombinant antigens: glutathione transferase of 26 kDa (Ts26GST); thioredoxin-1 (TsTrx-1), and endophilin B1 (TsMEndoB1) by EITB. These are antigenic proteins antigenic, abundant in excretion/secretion products of the parasite, and do not cross-react with homologous host proteins. Ts26GST and TsTrx-1 showed sensitivity of 79 and 88%, specificity of 86 and 97%, PPV of 83 and 97% and NPV of 82 and 91%, respectively, for neurocysticercosis diagnosis. The recombinant antigens allowed the diagnosis of 70% (Ts26GST) and 80% (TsTrx-1) of patients having only one cysticercus. Further studies on specific regions of these proteins could improve T. solium diagnostics.
猪带绦虫幼虫引起的神经囊虫病是一种被忽视的疾病，在包括墨西哥在内的几个国家仍然存在，并造成了很高的伤残调整生命年负担。计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像等神经影像学工具是最有效的检测方法，但在大多数流行地区，其可用性低且成本高，限制了它们的使用。扁豆凝集素纯化糖蛋白酶联免疫电转移印迹抗体检测和基于单克隆抗体的 HP10 抗原酶联免疫吸附试验等血清学方法有助于支持该病的诊断。我们通过 EITB 评估了三种猪带绦虫重组抗原：26kDa 谷胱甘肽转移酶（Ts26GST）；硫氧还蛋白-1（TsTrx-1）和内收蛋白 B1（TsMEndoB1）。这些都是抗原性蛋白，在寄生虫的排泄/分泌产物中含量丰富，不会与同源宿主蛋白发生交叉反应。Ts26GST 和 TsTrx-1 对神经囊虫病的诊断敏感性分别为 79%和 88%，特异性分别为 86%和 97%，阳性预测值分别为 83%和 97%，阴性预测值分别为 82%和 91%。重组抗原可诊断 70%（Ts26GST）和 80%（TsTrx-1）仅有一个囊尾蚴的患者。进一步研究这些蛋白质的特定区域可能会提高猪带绦虫的诊断能力。
