Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2022 Mar;66(6):e2100831. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202100831. Epub 2022 Jan 14.
Xanthohumol is the main prenylflavonoid in hops and has been associated with a wide range of health benefits, due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and cancer-preventive properties. Increasing evidence suggests that xanthohumol positively affects biomarkers associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review summarizes the effects of xanthohumol supplementation on body weight, lipid and glucose metabolism, systemic inflammation, and redox status. In addition, it provides insights into the pharmacokinetics of xanthohumol intake. Animal studies show that xanthohumol exerts beneficial effects on body weight, lipid profile, glucose metabolism, and other biochemical parameters associated with metabolic syndrome and CVDs. Although in vitro studies are increasingly elucidating the responsible mechanisms, the overall in vivo results are currently inconsistent and quantitatively insufficient. Pharmacokinetic and safety studies confirm that intake of xanthohumol is safe and well tolerated in both animals and humans. However, little is known about the metabolism of xanthohumol in the human body, and even less about its effects on body weight and CVD risk factors. There is an urgent need for studies investigating whether the effects of xanthohumol on body weight and cardiometabolic parameters observe in animal studies are reproducible in humans, and what dosage, formulation, and intervention period are required.
黄腐酚是啤酒花中的主要类异戊二烯黄酮，具有抗炎、抗氧化和抗癌特性，因此与多种健康益处相关。越来越多的证据表明，黄腐酚可积极影响与代谢综合征和心血管疾病 (CVD) 相关的生物标志物。本综述总结了黄腐酚补充剂对体重、脂质和葡萄糖代谢、全身炎症和氧化还原状态的影响。此外，还深入探讨了黄腐酚摄入的药代动力学。动物研究表明，黄腐酚对体重、脂质谱、葡萄糖代谢和与代谢综合征和 CVD 相关的其他生化参数具有有益作用。尽管体外研究越来越多地阐明了相关机制，但总体体内结果目前尚不一致且数量不足。药代动力学和安全性研究证实，黄腐酚在动物和人类中的摄入是安全且耐受良好的。然而，人们对黄腐酚在人体内的代谢知之甚少，甚至对其对体重和 CVD 风险因素的影响知之甚少。迫切需要研究动物研究中观察到的黄腐酚对体重和心脏代谢参数的影响是否在人类中具有重现性，以及需要多少剂量、配方和干预期。
