Department of Polymer and Textile Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Center, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC), Applied and Circular Chemistry, University Hasselt, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium.
Carbohydr Polym. 2022 Feb 15;278:118956. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118956. Epub 2021 Dec 2.
Nowadays, skin biocompatible products are fast-growing markets for nanocelluloses with increasing number of patents published in last decade. This review highlights recent developments, market trends, safety assessments, and regulations for different nanocellulose types (i.e. nanoparticles, nanocrystals, nanofibers, nanoyarns, bacterial nanocellulose) used in skincare, cosmetics, and healthcare. The specific properties of nanocelluloses for skincare include high viscosity and shear thinning properties, surface functionality, dispersion stability, water-holding capacity, purity, and biocompatibility. Depending on their morphology (e.g. size, aspect ratio, geometry, porosity), nanocelluloses can be used as formulation modifiers, moisturizers, nanofillers, additives, membranes, and films. Nanocellulose composite particles were recently developed as carriers for bioactive compounds or UV-blockers and platforms for wound healing and skin sensors. As toxicological assessment depends on morphologies and intrinsic properties, stringent regulation is needed from the testing of efficient nanocellulose dosages. The challenges and perspectives for an industrial breakthrough are related to optimization of production and processing conditions.
如今，皮肤相容性产品是纳米纤维素快速增长的市场，过去十年中发表的专利数量不断增加。本文重点介绍了不同类型纳米纤维素（即纳米颗粒、纳米晶体、纳米纤维、纳米线、细菌纳米纤维素）在皮肤护理、化妆品和保健领域中的最新发展、市场趋势、安全性评估和法规。纳米纤维素在皮肤护理方面的特殊性能包括高粘度和剪切变稀特性、表面功能、分散稳定性、持水能力、纯度和生物相容性。根据其形态（例如尺寸、纵横比、几何形状、孔隙率），纳米纤维素可用作配方改良剂、保湿剂、纳米填料、添加剂、膜和薄膜。最近开发了纳米纤维素复合颗粒作为生物活性化合物或紫外线阻滞剂的载体，以及用于伤口愈合和皮肤传感器的平台。由于毒理学评估取决于形态和固有特性，因此需要对有效纳米纤维素剂量进行严格的测试。实现工业突破的挑战和前景与生产和加工条件的优化有关。
