Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, Bron, France.
Integrative Multisensory Perception Action & Cognition Team (ImpAct), INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Lyon, France, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
Cereb Cortex. 2022 Sep 4;32(18):4050-4067. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhab465.
A critical aspect of neuroscience is to establish whether and how brain networks evolved across primates. To date, most comparative studies have used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) in anaesthetized nonhuman primates and in awake humans. However, anaesthesia strongly affects rs-fMRI signals. The present study investigated the impact of the awareness state (anaesthesia vs. awake) within the same group of macaque monkeys on the rs-fMRI functional connectivity organization of a well-characterized network in the human brain, the cingulo-frontal lateral network. Results in awake macaques show that rostral seeds in the cingulate sulcus exhibited stronger correlation strength with rostral compared to caudal lateral frontal cortical areas, while more caudal seeds displayed stronger correlation strength with caudal compared to anterior lateral frontal cortical areas. Critically, this inverse rostro-caudal functional gradient was abolished under anaesthesia. This study demonstrated a similar functional connectivity (FC) organization of the cingulo-frontal cortical network in awake macaque to that previously uncovered in the human brain pointing toward a preserved FC organization from macaque to human. However, it can only be observed in awake state suggesting that this network is sensitive to anaesthesia and warranting significant caution when comparing FC patterns across species under different states.
神经科学的一个关键方面是确定大脑网络是否以及如何在灵长类动物中进化。迄今为止，大多数比较研究都使用麻醉非人类灵长类动物和清醒人类的静息态功能磁共振成像(rs-fMRI)。然而，麻醉强烈影响 rs-fMRI 信号。本研究在同一组猕猴中研究了意识状态（麻醉与清醒）对内侧额顶网络这一在人类大脑中特征明确的网络的 rs-fMRI 功能连接组织的影响。在清醒猕猴中，结果表明，扣带沟内的前导种子与前导外侧额皮质区的相关性比与尾侧外侧额皮质区的相关性更强，而更靠后的种子与尾侧皮质区的相关性比与前导外侧额皮质区的相关性更强。至关重要的是，这种逆向的头-尾功能梯度在麻醉下被消除了。这项研究表明，在清醒猕猴中，扣带-额皮质网络具有类似的功能连接（FC）组织，这与之前在人类大脑中发现的一致，表明从猕猴到人类的 FC 组织保持不变。然而，这种连接只能在清醒状态下观察到，这表明该网络对麻醉很敏感，因此在不同状态下比较跨物种的 FC 模式时需要非常谨慎。
