Casey Caroline, Huang Qiushi, Talegawkar Sameera A, Sylvetsky Allison C, Sacheck Jennifer M, DiPietro Loretta, Lora Karina R
Department of Social Services, Mary's Center, 2333 Ontario Rd NW Washington, DC, United States.
Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Ave NW #2 Washington, DC, United States.
Prev Med Rep. 2021 Nov 5;24:101630. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101630. eCollection 2021 Dec.
Snacking away from home is thought to contribute to excess intake of energy, added sugars, saturated fat, and sodium compared to snacking at home. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2016, we examined associations between location of snack consumption (at home or away from home) and added sugars, saturated fat, and sodium intake from food and beverage snacks in U.S. adolescents aged 12-19. We also compared top snack contributors to intakes of these nutrients by location of consumption. Nutrient intake (added sugars, saturated fat, and sodium) from food and beverage snacks was estimated by the average intake from two 24-hour dietary recalls, and location of consumption for each snack was reported by participants as at home or away from home. Adjusted mixed effects models were performed to examine associations between nutrient intakes and the location of consumption. Adolescents (n = 3,869) had lower intakes of added sugars (-5.20 g/day), saturated fat (-2.06 g/day) and sodium (-170.15 mg/day) from food snacks consumed away from home compared to at home (p < 0.0001). Similarly, adolescents had lower intake of added sugars (-2.74 g/day), saturated fat (-0.32 g/day) and sodium (-16.04 mg/day) from beverage snacks consumed away from home compared to at home (p < 0.0001). The top contributors to the target nutrients were similar irrespective of location. Taken together, our results demonstrate that adolescents consumed more target nutrients from snacks at home than away from home. Larger snack portion sizes and higher frequency of snacking at home may explain these findings and requires further study.
与在家吃零食相比，外出吃零食被认为会导致能量、添加糖、饱和脂肪和钠的摄入量过多。利用2009 - 2016年美国国家健康与营养检查调查的数据，我们研究了零食消费地点（在家或外出）与美国12 - 19岁青少年从食品和饮料零食中摄入的添加糖、饱和脂肪和钠之间的关联。我们还比较了按消费地点划分的这些营养素摄入量的主要零食来源。通过两次24小时饮食回忆的平均摄入量来估计食品和饮料零食中的营养素摄入量（添加糖、饱和脂肪和钠），参与者报告每种零食的消费地点是在家还是外出。进行了调整后的混合效应模型来研究营养素摄入量与消费地点之间的关联。与在家吃零食相比，青少年（n = 3869）外出吃的食品零食中添加糖（-5.20克/天）、饱和脂肪（-2.06克/天）和钠（-170.15毫克/天）的摄入量更低（p < 0.0001）。同样，与在家喝饮料零食相比，青少年外出喝的饮料零食中添加糖（-2.74克/天）、饱和脂肪（-0.32克/天）和钠（-16.04毫克/天）的摄入量更低（p < 0.0001）。无论消费地点如何，目标营养素的主要来源相似。综合来看，我们的结果表明，青少年在家吃零食摄入的目标营养素比外出更多。在家零食份量更大和吃零食频率更高可能解释了这些发现，这需要进一步研究。
