Martin Julie C, Moran Lisa J, Harrison Cheryce L
Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Semin Reprod Med. 2020 Nov;38(6):407-413. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1723776. Epub 2021 Mar 16.
Global environmental and societal changes have resulted in an increased consumption of energy-dense foods contributing to escalating obesity prevalence, with most rapid weight gain occurring in young adults. Diet is one major modifiable factor contributing to escalating obesity prevalence. Understanding overall diet quality of populations at high risk for weight gain and obesity development, including young adults, provides evidence of dietary intakes, dietary patterns, and associated behaviors, to inform the development of targeted interventions aimed at the prevention of weight gain. This narrative review synthesizes the current evidence of the association between diet quality and weight gain in young adults. Overall, there is a consistent direction of association between improved diet quality and reduced weight gain in adults. This demonstrates the potential of small improvements in diet quality over time as a probable contributor to minimizing weight gain in young adults. Future research evaluating environmental nutrition policies with associated change in diet quality and prospective weight change in population-based studies is warranted to determine their longer-term impact in improving overall diet quality as one strategy to halt escalating obesity prevalence rates.
全球环境和社会变化导致能量密集型食物的消费量增加，这促使肥胖患病率不断攀升，其中年轻人的体重增加最为迅速。饮食是导致肥胖患病率不断上升的一个主要可改变因素。了解包括年轻人在内的体重增加和肥胖发展高危人群的总体饮食质量，可为饮食摄入量、饮食模式及相关行为提供证据，从而为制定旨在预防体重增加的针对性干预措施提供参考。本叙述性综述综合了目前关于年轻人饮食质量与体重增加之间关联的证据。总体而言，成年人饮食质量的改善与体重增加的减少之间存在一致的关联方向。这表明随着时间的推移，饮食质量的小幅改善有可能成为减少年轻人体重增加的一个因素。有必要开展未来研究，在基于人群的研究中评估环境营养政策与饮食质量的相关变化以及预期体重变化，以确定这些政策在改善总体饮食质量方面的长期影响，这是遏制肥胖患病率不断上升的一项策略。
