Jalali Milani Sevda, Nabi Bidhendi Gholamreza
School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Environ Res. 2022;16(1):9. doi: 10.1007/s41742-021-00387-1. Epub 2022 Jan 6.
Due to the prevalence of the COVID-19 outbreak, as well as findings of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater and the possibility of viral transmission through wastewater, disinfection is required. As a consequence, based on prior investigations, this work initially employed the viral concentration detection technique, followed by the RT-qPCR assay, as the foundation for identifying the SARS-CoV-2 virus in wastewater. After that, the ability and efficacy of chlorine, ozone, and UV disinfection to inactivate the SARS-CoV-2 virus from wastewater were examined. Chlorine disinfection is the most extensively used disinfection technology due to its multiple advantages. With a chlorine dioxide disinfectant dose of 40 mg/L, the SARS-CoV virus is inactivated after 30 min of contact time. On the other hand, ozone is a powerful oxidizer and an effective microbicide that is employed as a disinfectant due to its positive characteristics. After 30 min of exposure to 1000 ppmv ozone, corona pseudoviruses are reduced by 99%. Another common method of disinfection is using ultraviolet radiation, which is usually 253.7 nm suitable for ultraviolet disinfection. At a dose of 1048 mJ/cm, UVC radiation completely inactivates the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Finally, to evaluate disinfection performance and optimize disinfection strategies to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2, this study attempted to investigate the ability to remove and compare the effectiveness of each disinfectant to inactive the SARS-CoV-2 virus from wastewater, summarize studies, and provide future solutions due to the limited availability of integrated resources in this field and the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus worldwide.
由于新冠疫情的流行，以及在废水中发现严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的RNA和通过废水传播病毒的可能性，因此需要进行消毒。因此，基于先前的调查，本研究首先采用病毒浓缩检测技术，然后进行逆转录定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）检测，作为识别废水中SARS-CoV-2病毒的基础。之后，研究了氯、臭氧和紫外线消毒从废水中灭活SARS-CoV-2病毒的能力和效果。氯消毒由于其多种优点而成为应用最广泛的消毒技术。当二氧化氯消毒剂剂量为40mg/L时，接触30分钟后SARS-CoV病毒被灭活。另一方面，臭氧是一种强氧化剂和有效的杀菌剂，因其具有积极特性而被用作消毒剂。暴露于1000ppmv臭氧30分钟后，冠状病毒假病毒减少99%。另一种常见的消毒方法是使用紫外线辐射，通常253.7nm的紫外线适合紫外线消毒。在剂量为1048mJ/cm时，紫外线C（UVC）辐射可完全灭活SARS-CoV-2病毒。最后，为了评估消毒性能并优化消毒策略以防止SARS-CoV-2的传播，由于该领域综合资源有限以及SARS-CoV-2病毒在全球范围内的传播，本研究试图调查从废水中去除SARS-CoV-2病毒的能力，并比较每种消毒剂灭活该病毒的效果，总结相关研究，并提供未来的解决方案。
