NUMS Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, National University of Medical Sciences, PWD Campus, Police Foundation Road, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology, University of Vienna, Universitätsstrasse 7, 1010, Vienna, Austria.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2022 Dec;200(12):4936-4948. doi: 10.1007/s12011-021-03089-z. Epub 2022 Jan 11.
Trace elements are essentially required for various physiological and metabolic functions, and any disturbance in the trace elements homeostasis may result in the development of chronic diseases including breast cancer. Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer type reported in women equally affecting both the high-income and low-income countries. This review therefore aimed to evaluate the impact of dietary trace element intake in relation to the incidence of breast cancer. We focused on five trace elements, thus emphasizing dietary selenium, zinc, iron, copper, and cadmium intake and risk of breast cancer. A systematic approach was applied to perform this review through entering a search term in PubMed and Scopus databases. A total of 24 articles were included after meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most of the studies regarding dietary iron intake showed a detrimental effect of increased dietary heme iron on breast cancer incidence risk. In addition, there is a limited evidence of high dietary intake of selenium and zinc to reduce the risk of breast cancer. Also, a few studies showed a relationship between high cadmium consumption and risk of breast cancer. More studies related to cadmium and copper exposure are needed to confirm this relationship. As a result, the findings of this review suggested that high dietary heme iron is a potential risk factor for breast cancer.
微量元素对于各种生理和代谢功能都是必需的，微量元素动态平衡的任何干扰都可能导致包括乳腺癌在内的慢性疾病的发生。乳腺癌是女性报告的最常见癌症类型，在高收入和低收入国家同样普遍。因此，本综述旨在评估膳食微量元素摄入与乳腺癌发病率之间的关系。我们专注于五种微量元素，因此强调了膳食硒、锌、铁、铜和镉的摄入与乳腺癌风险的关系。通过在 PubMed 和 Scopus 数据库中输入搜索词，采用系统方法进行了本次综述。经过纳入和排除标准筛选后，共有 24 篇文章被纳入。大多数关于膳食铁摄入的研究表明，增加膳食血红素铁会对乳腺癌发病率产生不利影响。此外，有有限的证据表明，高膳食硒和锌摄入可以降低乳腺癌的风险。此外，一些研究表明，高镉摄入与乳腺癌风险之间存在关联。需要更多关于镉和铜暴露的研究来证实这种关系。因此，本综述的结果表明，高膳食血红素铁是乳腺癌的一个潜在危险因素。
