Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey.
Faculty of Nursing, Ankara Universty, Ankara, Turkey.
Support Care Cancer. 2022 May;30(5):4389-4397. doi: 10.1007/s00520-022-06862-5. Epub 2022 Jan 31.
To evaluate the effects of the educational package provided to enhance family caregivers' experience of colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy on healthy lifestyle and caregiving reactions.
The study was conducted as a pre-test-post-test, quasi-experimental intervention with a control group. The study population consisted of 100 caregivers who provide primary care to patients with colorectal cancer. The data were collected using the "Socio-Demographic Characteristics Data Collection Form," the "Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale-II," and the "Caregiver Reaction Assessment" forms. The pre-test was applied to the experimental and control groups at the first interview. After the preliminary interview, the experimental group was applied three times to face-to-face individual educational sessions through the education booklet prepared by taking the opinions of 5 academician nurses who are experts in the oncology field. The post-test then was applied to the caregivers in the experimental and control groups.
After the education provided to the experimental group, a statistically positive change was observed in the mean scores of all sub-dimensions of Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale-II except for the physical sub-dimension (the p values for interpersonal relationships, nutrition, health responsibility, physical activity, stress management, spiritual growth were p = 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.098, p = 0.035, and p = 0.018, respectively). In the control group, there was a statistically significant negative change in the post-test mean scores in all sub-dimensions of the Caregiver Reaction Assessment Scale (the p values for self-esteem, lack of family support, financial problems, interruption of daily life, and health problems were p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.007, p = 0.004, p = 0.001 respectively). Lack of family support in caregivers negatively affected interpersonal relationships, nutrition (r = - 0.465, p = 0.001, r = - 300 p = 0.034 respectively), health responsibility, and spiritual growth (r = - 0.514 p < 0,001, r = - 384 p = 0.006).
It is important to interact with caregivers during the chemotherapy process to reduce problems in family members. Providing professional support through an education program reduces negative effects on caregivers, provides psychosocial support to caregivers and can improve patient outcomes.
评估提供教育包以增强接受化疗的结直肠癌患者的家庭照顾者体验，对健康生活方式和照顾反应的影响。
本研究采用预测试-后测试、半实验干预对照设计。研究人群由 100 名照顾者组成，他们为结直肠癌患者提供主要护理。使用“社会人口特征数据收集表”、“健康生活方式行为量表-II”和“照顾者反应评估”表收集数据。在第一次访谈时对实验组和对照组进行预测试。初步访谈后，实验组通过 5 位肿瘤领域专家的意见，采用准备好的教育手册，进行了 3 次面对面的个人教育课程。然后对实验组和对照组的照顾者进行了后测。
实验组接受教育后，健康生活方式行为量表-II 的所有亚维度的平均分均呈统计学上的正向变化，除身体维度外（人际关系、营养、健康责任、身体活动、压力管理、精神成长的 p 值分别为 p=0.001、p<0.001、p<0.001、p=0.098、p=0.035 和 p=0.018）。对照组的照顾者反应评估量表的所有亚维度在后测中的平均分均呈统计学显著负向变化（自尊、缺乏家庭支持、经济问题、日常生活中断和健康问题的 p 值分别为 p<0.001、p<0.001、p=0.007、p=0.004、p=0.001）。照顾者缺乏家庭支持会对人际关系、营养（r=-0.465，p=0.001，r=-300，p=0.034）、健康责任和精神成长产生负面影响（r=-0.514，p<0.001，r=-384，p=0.006）。
在化疗过程中与照顾者互动，减少家庭成员的问题很重要。通过教育计划提供专业支持，可以减轻对照顾者的负面影响，为照顾者提供社会心理支持，并改善患者的预后。
