From the College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences.
From the Department of Emergency Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City.
Ann Saudi Med. 2022 Jan-Feb;42(1):36-44. doi: 10.5144/0256-4947.2022.36. Epub 2022 Feb 3.
Acute poisoning is a major contributing factor to mortality and morbidity. There is a lack of research on the epidemiology of acute poisoning risk factors in Saudi Arabia.
Descriptive overview of poisoning cases at a tertiary care center.
Descriptive, medical record review.
Tertiary care center in Riyadh.
From the electronic medical record system, we collected demographic information, medical history, and the poisoning history on all emergency department visits diagnosed as acute poisoning from January 2016 to January 2021. Patients were classed as children (<18 years old) or adults, and further classified by body mass index.
Intensive care unit (ICU) admission, organ transplantation, and mortality were classified as poor outcomes.
492 adults and 1013 children (<18 years old) were identified.
The most frequent agent in poisoning for both groups was acetaminophen (n=52, 10.57% and n=100, 9.87%, respectively). The ICU admission rate was 6.7% and 4.8%, and the mortality rate 0.8% and 0.3%, respectively. The accidental poisoning rate was 57.7% among adults (n=284) and 67.6% among children (n=658). The suicide intention rate was 11.2% (n=55) and 7.4% (n=75) among adults and children, respectively. The management for both populations was nonspecific, involving observation, supportive measures, and symptomatic treatment.
Although the ICU admission rates were consistent with reported data, the mortality rate was marginally lower. The pediatric predominance in the population implies a lack of caregiver education in the region regarding the safe storage of drugs and household products, as well as the use of child-resistant packaging. The high rate of accidental poisoning in both age groups should prompt further investment to promote public health education on the rational use and safe storage of toxic agents and self-protection. The high suicide intention rate needs to be investigated to develop multidisciplinary risk prevention strategies.
Single center, retrospective, small population size.
None.
急性中毒是导致死亡率和发病率的主要因素之一。沙特阿拉伯在急性中毒危险因素的流行病学方面缺乏研究。
描述三级护理中心中毒病例的概况。
描述性的病历回顾。
利雅得的三级护理中心。
我们从电子病历系统中收集了所有 2016 年 1 月至 2021 年 1 月期间被诊断为急性中毒的急诊就诊的患者的人口统计学信息、病史和中毒史。患者被分为儿童（<18 岁）或成人，并按体重指数进一步分类。
重症监护病房（ICU）入院、器官移植和死亡率被归类为不良预后。
确定了 492 名成人和 1013 名儿童（<18 岁）。
两组中毒最常见的药物是对乙酰氨基酚（n=52，分别占 10.57%和 n=100，占 9.87%）。成人 ICU 入院率为 6.7%和 4.8%，死亡率为 0.8%和 0.3%。意外中毒率在成人（n=284）中为 57.7%，在儿童（n=658）中为 67.6%。自杀意图率在成人和儿童中分别为 11.2%（n=55）和 7.4%（n=75）。两种人群的治疗均为非特异性，包括观察、支持措施和对症治疗。
尽管 ICU 入院率与报告数据一致，但死亡率略低。人群中儿科患者居多，这意味着该地区缺乏有关药物和家用产品安全储存以及使用儿童防护包装的护理人员教育。两个年龄段的意外中毒发生率较高，应进一步投入资金，促进关于有毒物质合理使用和安全储存以及自我保护的公共卫生教育。高自杀意图率需要进行调查，以制定多学科的风险预防策略。
单中心、回顾性、小样本量。
无。
