Yang Fan, Sun Si-Yu, Wang Sheng, Guo Jin-Tao, Liu Xiang, Ge Nan, Wang Guo-Xin
Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2022 Jan 15;14(1):1-18. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i1.1.
Gastrointestinal (GI) tumors, including liver, pancreatic, gastric, and colorectal cancers, have a high incidence rate and low survival rate due to the lack of effective therapeutic methods and frequent relapses. Surgery and postoperative chemoradiotherapy have largely reduced the fatality rates for most GI tumors, but these therapeutic approaches result in poor prognoses due to severe adverse reactions and the development of drug resistance. Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis plays an important role in the onset and progression of GI tumors. Ferroptosis is a new non-apoptotic form of cell death, which is iron-dependent, non-apoptotic cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS). The activation of ferroptosis can lead to tumor cell death. Thus, regulating ferroptosis in tumor cells may become a new therapeutic approach for tumors, making it become a research hotspot. Current studies suggest that ferroptosis is mainly triggered by the accumulation of lipid ROS. Furthermore, several studies have indicated that ferroptosis may be a new approach for the treatment of GI tumors. Here, we review current research progress on the mechanism of ferroptosis, current inducers and inhibitors of ferroptosis, and the role of ferroptosis in GI tumors to propose new methods for the treatment of such tumors.
胃肠道（GI）肿瘤，包括肝癌、胰腺癌、胃癌和结直肠癌，由于缺乏有效的治疗方法且频繁复发，发病率高而生存率低。手术及术后放化疗在很大程度上降低了大多数胃肠道肿瘤的死亡率，但由于严重的不良反应和耐药性的产生，这些治疗方法导致预后较差。最近的研究表明，铁死亡在胃肠道肿瘤的发生和发展中起重要作用。铁死亡是一种新的非凋亡形式的细胞死亡，是一种铁依赖性、以脂质活性氧（ROS）积累为特征的非凋亡性细胞死亡。铁死亡的激活可导致肿瘤细胞死亡。因此，调节肿瘤细胞中的铁死亡可能成为肿瘤的一种新治疗方法，使其成为一个研究热点。目前的研究表明，铁死亡主要由脂质ROS的积累引发。此外，多项研究表明，铁死亡可能是治疗胃肠道肿瘤的一种新方法。在此，我们综述了铁死亡机制的当前研究进展、目前的铁死亡诱导剂和抑制剂，以及铁死亡在胃肠道肿瘤中的作用，以提出治疗此类肿瘤的新方法。
