Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2022 Jul;150(1):82-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.01.023. Epub 2022 Feb 10.
Studies examining associations of early-life cat and dog ownership with childhood asthma have reported inconsistent results. Several factors could explain these inconsistencies, including type of pet, timing, and degree of exposure.
Our aim was to study associations of early-life cat and dog ownership with asthma in school-aged children, including the role of type (cat vs dog), timing (never, prenatal, or early childhood), and degree of ownership (number of pets owned), and the role of allergic sensitization.
We used harmonized data from 77,434 mother-child dyads from 9 birth cohorts in the European Union Child Cohort Network when the child was 5 to 11 years old. Associations were examined through the DataSHIELD platform by using adjusted logistic regression models, which were fitted separately for each cohort and combined by using random effects meta-analysis.
The prevalence of early-life cat and dog ownership ranged from 12% to 45% and 7% to 47%, respectively, and the prevalence of asthma ranged from 2% to 20%. There was no overall association between either cat or dog ownership and asthma (odds ratio [OR] = 0.97 [95% CI = 0.87-1.09] and 0.92 [95% CI = 0.85-1.01], respectively). Timing and degree of ownership did not strongly influence associations. Cat and dog ownership were also not associated with cat- and dog-specific allergic sensitization (OR = 0.92 [95% CI = 0.75-1.13] and 0.93 [95% CI = 0.57-1.54], respectively). However, cat- and dog-specific allergic sensitization was strongly associated with school-age asthma (OR = 6.69 [95% CI = 4.91-9.10] and 5.98 [95% CI = 3.14-11.36], respectively). There was also some indication of an interaction between ownership and sensitization, suggesting that ownership may exacerbate the risks associated with pet-specific sensitization but offer some protection against asthma in the absence of sensitization.
Our findings do not support early-life cat and dog ownership in themselves increasing the risk of school-age asthma, but they do suggest that ownership may potentially exacerbate the risks associated with cat- and dog-specific allergic sensitization.
研究表明，儿童时期接触猫和狗与哮喘之间存在关联，但结果并不一致。许多因素可能会导致这种不一致，包括宠物类型、接触时间和接触程度等。
本研究旨在探讨儿童时期接触猫和狗与哮喘之间的关联，包括宠物类型（猫或狗）、接触时间（从未接触、产前接触或幼儿期接触）和接触程度（拥有宠物的数量），以及过敏致敏的作用。
我们使用了欧盟儿童队列网络中 9 个出生队列的 77434 对母婴对子的数据，当儿童 5 至 11 岁时进行分析。使用 DataSHIELD 平台通过调整后的逻辑回归模型进行关联研究，每个队列分别进行拟合，并通过随机效应荟萃分析进行组合。
儿童时期接触猫和狗的比例分别为 12%至 45%和 7%至 47%，哮喘的比例为 2%至 20%。接触猫或狗与哮喘之间没有总体关联（比值比[OR]分别为 0.97[95%CI为 0.87-1.09]和 0.92[95%CI为 0.85-1.01]）。接触时间和接触程度对关联的影响不大。猫和狗的接触也与猫和狗特异性过敏致敏无关（OR 分别为 0.92[95%CI 为 0.75-1.13]和 0.93[95%CI 为 0.57-1.54]）。然而，猫和狗特异性过敏致敏与学龄期哮喘密切相关（OR 分别为 6.69[95%CI 为 4.91-9.10]和 5.98[95%CI 为 3.14-11.36]）。此外，还存在一些迹象表明，接触与致敏之间存在交互作用，这表明接触可能会加剧与宠物特异性致敏相关的风险，但在没有致敏的情况下，接触可能会提供一些对哮喘的保护作用。
本研究结果不支持儿童时期接触猫和狗本身会增加学龄期哮喘的风险，但提示接触可能会加剧与猫和狗特异性过敏致敏相关的风险。
