Liu Jing, Zhang Xuemeng, Zhang Jingsong, Yan Mengqiu, Li Deshun, Zhou Shuai, Feng Jie, Liu Yanfang
Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South) Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Shanghai 201403, China.
College of Food Science & Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Jan 28;14(3):549. doi: 10.3390/polym14030549.
The cell wall polysaccharides were extracted from fruit bodies by acid-alkali and superfine-grinding assisted methods, and the chemical characterization and in vitro immunity activities of these polysaccharide fractions were studied and compared. Results showed that superfine-grinding assisted extraction exhibited the highest yield of polysaccharides (SP, 20.80%) and low β-glucan content (19.35%) compared with alkaline extracts. The results revealed that the 20% ethanol precipitated fraction (20E) from SP was mainly composed of β-(1→3)-glucan and α-(1→4)-glucan. With the increase of ethanol precipitation, the fractions (30E, 40E, 50E) were identified as α-(1→4)-glucan with different molecular weights and conformations. Cell wall polysaccharides extracted through NaOH (NSP) and KOH (KSP) extraction had similar yields with 8.90% and 8.83%, respectively. Structural analysis indicated that the purified fraction from KSP (KSP-30E) was a β-(1→3)-glucan backbone branched with β-(1→6)-Glc, while the purified fraction from NSP (NSP-30E) mainly contained β-(1→3)-glucan with a small number of α-linked-Glc. The two fractions both exhibited rigid chain conformation in aqueous solutions. All polysaccharide fractions exerted the activity of activating Dectin-1 receptor in vitro, and the KSP-30E mainly identified as β-(1→3)-glucan with the terminal group via 1→6-linkage attached at every third residue exhibited a stronger enhancing effect than other fractions. Results suggested that KOH extraction could be efficient for the preparation of bioactive β-(1→3, 1→6)-glucan as a food ingredient.
采用酸碱法和超微粉碎辅助法从子实体中提取细胞壁多糖，并对这些多糖组分的化学特性和体外免疫活性进行了研究和比较。结果表明，与碱性提取物相比，超微粉碎辅助提取的多糖得率最高（SP，20.80%），β-葡聚糖含量较低（19.35%）。结果显示，SP中20%乙醇沉淀组分（20E）主要由β-(1→3)-葡聚糖和α-(1→4)-葡聚糖组成。随着乙醇沉淀浓度的增加，各组分（30E、40E、50E）被鉴定为具有不同分子量和构象的α-(1→4)-葡聚糖。通过NaOH（NSP）和KOH（KSP）提取的细胞壁多糖得率相似，分别为8.90%和8.83%。结构分析表明，KSP的纯化组分（KSP-30E）是一种以β-(1→6)-Glc为分支的β-(1→3)-葡聚糖主链，而NSP的纯化组分（NSP-30E）主要含有少量α-连接-Glc的β-(1→3)-葡聚糖。这两个组分在水溶液中均呈现刚性链构象。所有多糖组分在体外均具有激活Dectin-1受体的活性，主要鉴定为β-(1→3)-葡聚糖且每隔三个残基通过1→6-连接带有末端基团的KSP-30E表现出比其他组分更强的增强作用。结果表明，KOH提取法可有效地制备作为食品成分的生物活性β-(1→3, 1→6)-葡聚糖。
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